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WWW: http://www.ee.pdx.edu/short.course/image_compression/

A 4 and 1/2 Day Intensive Course on

Image and Video Compression:

Fundamentals, Standards and Applications

July 14 - 18, 1997, Portland, Oregon,  U.S.A.

Portland State University
Department of Electrical Engineering
P.O. Box 751
Portland, Oregon, USA  97207-0751
Phone:  (503) 725-3806
Fax:    (503) 725-3807

Organized by:
Fu Li
Rolf Schaumann
Portland State University

Presented by:

Majid Rabbani
Eastman Kodak

M. Ibrahim Sezan
Sharp Labratories of America

Thomas Gardos
Intel Corporation

******************** About the course *******************

The past decade has witnessed a great surge in the need for storage 
and transmission of digital images and video. Digital cameras and 
inexpensive scanners have proliferated the use of digital images in 
various consumer and commercial applications. Also, the widespread 
use of the Internet and multimedia enabled PCs, the advent of digital 
broadcast systems such as DSS and HDTV, and the affordable storage 
of digital video on CD-ROM or DVD, have made digital video an integral 
part of everyday life. Despite the continuing increases in storage 
and transmission capacities, efficient storage and transmission of 
images and video is still the foremost challenge in all those systems. 
Consequently, image and video compression plays a key enabling role 
for many consumer, commercial, and scientific applications.

Digital image and video compression is a current focus of both research 
and international standardization. Recently developed standards such 
as JPEG, H.261, H.263, MPEG1 and MPEG2, and the emerging standards such 
as H.263+, MPEG4 and JPEG2000, reflect the state-of-the-art algorithms, 
and are important in facilitating interoperability among various imaging 
systems as well as the wide-spread and cost-effective deployment of the 
technology.

This course provides the audience with a solid understanding of the 
fundamentals, a working knowledge of the various image and video 
compression standards and the applications that they serve, as well 
as a technical description of the emerging technologies. Upon completion 
of the course, the students will be equipped with the fundamental 
knowledge that will help them understand the performance limitations 
of various compression solutions. Further, they will gain a solid 
understanding of the principles of the various digital image and video 
compression standards in such a way as to optimize their use for a 
particular application. Finally, they will gain a technical understanding 
of the emerging technologies such as wavelets and fractals, that will 
enable them to properly assess their value in serving niche markets 
not addressed by the current standards, as well as their impact on 
the development of future standards.

The introductory part of the course contains a broad set of product 
and application examples that establish the need for compression. 
This is followed by a brief description of the existing and emerging 
image and video compression standardization activities, their scope 
and their functionalities. It also includes a description of the 
three main components of compression systems, namely, 
representation/transformation (e.g., Discrete Cosine Transform or DCT), 
quantization (scalar and VQ), and symbol modeling and encoding (entropy, 
Huffman, arithmetic, LZW and Rice coding).

The main focus of this course is on image and video compression standards. 
First, a description of the JPEG lossless standard (recently adopted by 
the Flashpix consortium) is presented. This is followed by a detailed 
description of the lossy JPEG still-image standard, which is also the 
foundation for video compression schemes such as the MPEG and the H.26X 
family of standards. Various issues regarding the implementation of JPEG 
in practical systems such as the design of Q-tables, the effect of multiple 
coding and software and hardware speed are discussed. Numerous image examples 
supplement the technical descriptions.

Emerging technologies play a key role in shaping the future standards. 
In particular, a detailed discussion of wavelet transforms and zerotree 
encoding strategies that constitute the foundation of the JPEG-2000 emerging 
standard is provided and the performance of the wavelet techniques are 
compared to the conventional DCT-based algorithms such as the JPEG standard. 
The basic concepts of fractal image compression are also reviewed. 

The remainder of the course is devoted to video compression algorithms 
and standards. The major components of a video compression system, namely 
motion estimation and compensation, pre-processing, encoding, decoding, 
and post-processing are discussed. First, fundamental principles of motion 
estimation and an overview of widely used motion estimation algorithms are 
presented. The application of motion estimation in multi-frame pre- and 
post-processing algorithms are reviewed next, followed by a review of 
algorithms for motion compensated noise suppression and defect removal. 
Pre-processing is often among the differentiating factors used in 
evaluation of an entire video compression system due to its significant 
impact on the resulting compression efficiency. Video format standards 
conversion is an important post-processing step, especially in multimedia 
applications where the decoded video may have to be displayed by a system 
adhering to a different video format standard. Techniques for 
interlace-to-progressive scan conversion and frame rate conversion are 
discussed and the importance of motion information in standards 
conversion is demonstrated.

The final portion of the course is devoted to the video compression 
standards, namely, MPEG1, MPEG2, H.261, H.263 and the emerging MPEG4 and 
H.263+ standards. A detailed description of MPEG1 is given followed by a 
presentation of the MPEG2 video compression standard with an emphasis 
on its differences from MPEG1. Its applications in digital video disk 
(DVD) and Advanced TV (ATV) standardization are also discussed. An 
overview of the emerging MPEG4 standard is presented which introduces 
a new paradigm, namely object based coding. MPEG4 addresses representation 
and compression of arbitrarily shaped video objects. MPEG4 targets new 
application areas with increased interactivity and extendibility. 
Fundamental differences between MPEG4 and the preceding MPEG standards 
are emphasized. Next, the ITU video coding standards are reviewed beginning 
with H.261 which targets ISDN at data rates of multiples of 64 kbits/sec. 
The recently developed standard, H.263, which targets data rates less than 
64 kbits/sec is discussed next. H.263 has demonstrated acceptable quality 
over PSTN networks using 28.8 kbits/sec modems and is beginning to bring 
video conferencing to the mass consumer market. It has also found 
application in video conferencing over the Internet and will be described 
in this role. Finally, the emerging H.263+ standard will be presented, 
which incorporates numerous enhancements and new features over H.263 and 
promises to be even better suited to low data rate and Internet applications. 
Included in this portion of the course will be numerous demonstrations 
of the individual video compression standards.

************************ Course Outline ************************

Introduction

	Need for compression (application and product examples) 

	Statistical redundancy and perceptual irrelevancy, examples 

	Brief overview of image and video compression standards 

	Representation/transformation: the discrete cosine transform (DCT), 
	wavelets

	Quantization: Scalar uniform and nonuniform, entropy constrained, VQ

	Symbol modeling and encoding: entropy, Huffman, arithmetic, LZW, 
	Rice coding

	Emerging Technologies in Image Compression

	Wavelet compression (filterbank design, zerotree coding, comparisons 
	to JPEG)

	Fractal image compression

JPEG International Standard

	Lossless JPEG

	Baseline JPEG

	Extended JPEG features

	Enhancements to JPEG

	JPEG implementation issues

Fundamentals of Video Compression

	Motion Estimation

	Pre- and Post-Processing including motion-compensated noise 
	filtering, coding artifact reduction, video format conversion 
	(frame rate conver sion and de-interlacing).

Video Compression Standards\fR

	The MPEG1 standard

	The MPEG2 standard (including discussions on rate control, 
	bit-stream syntax and utilization in Digital Video Disk and 
	Advanced TV standardization).

	The H.261, H.263, and H.263+ standards.

	Video compression for Internet applications

	The MPEG4 standard (object based coding and object based 
	functionalities)

	The Future: MPEG7

	Examples of silicon and board-level implementations of standards. 

	Product demonstrations

*********************** About the Instructors *********************

Majid Rabbani - received his Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from 
the UW-Madison in 1983. He is currently a Research Associate and the head 
of the image compression and video processing groups in the Imaging 
Science Division of Eastman Kodak Research Laboratories. He is also 
involved in many educational activities including teaching graduate 
courses at Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT), satellite courses 
for NTU (National Technological University), and short courses for 
SPIE, IS&T, IEEE, SID, and other technical Societies.

He is the recipient of the 1988 Kodak C. E. K. Mees Award (Kodak's 
highest research honor) and the co-recipient of the 1990 Emmy 
Engineering Award in recognition of the Kodak Still-Video Transceiver 
System. He has represented Kodak at the International JPEG organization 
since its inception a decade ago. His current research interests span the 
various aspects of digital image and video processing where he has 
published over 40 technical articles and holds 12 patents. He is the 
co-author of the book "Digital Image Compression Techniques" published 
in 1991, the editor of the SPIE Milestone Series on "Image Coding and 
Compression", published in 1992, and a contributor to several book 
chapters in the area of image processing. He is a Fellow of SPIE.

M. Ibrahim Sezan - received his Ph.D. degree in Electrical, Computer 
and Systems Engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1984. 
He is currently the Senior Manager of Digital Video Processing at Sharp 
Laboratories of America, Camas, Washington. He also holds an adjunct 
Associate Professor position at the Electrical Engineering Department 
at the University of Rochester. From 1984 to 1996, he worked at Eastman 
Kodak Company, Rochester, New York, where he headed the Motion and Video 
Technology Area in the Imaging Research and Advanced Development 
Laboratories from 1992 to 1996.

Dr. Sezan was the co-recipient of the A. B. Du Mont award at Rensselaer 
Polytechnic Institute in 1984. During 1988-1992, he served as an Associate 
Editor of the IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging. From 1992 to 1994, he 
was an Associate Editor of the IEEE Transactions on Image Processing. He 
contributed to the books Image Recovery: Theory and Application (Academic 
Press, 1987), Mathematics in Signal Processing (Oxford, 1987), Handbook 
of Signal Processing (Marcell Dekker, 1988), Digital Image Restoration 
(Springer Verlag, 1991), Real-Time Optical Information Processing (Academic 
Press, 1994), Video Data Compression for Multimedia Computing (Kluwer, 1997), 
and edited Selected Papers in Digital Image Restoration (SPIE Milestone 
Series, 1992). He is the co-editor of the book Motion Analysis and Image 
Sequence Processing, published by Kluwer in 1993. His current research 
interests include video modeling, analysis and processing, and their 
applications to video compression and digital video databases. Dr. Sezan 
is an active participant in the MPEG standards; he actively publishes and 
teaches in the area of image and video processing.

Thomas Gardos - received his Ph.D. in electrical engineering from the 
Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, Georgia in 1993. He is 
currently senior engineer in the Intel Architecture Labs of Intel 
Corporation where he manages a group that develops standards-based and 
proprietary video compression algorithms for video conferencing applications. 
Previously, he was a member of the Electronic Imaging Research Labs at 
Eastman Kodak. He is active in the ITU H.263 and H.263+ standards group 
as well as in MPEG4. He is chairman of the subcommittee of the Intel 
Research Council which sponsors academic research in speech, audio, image 
and video compression and recognition.

Dr. Gardos is an adjunct instructor at Portland State University and 
Oregon State University where he has taught courses on digital image 
and video processing. He has served as Image Processing conference and 
session chairs at the SPIE Electronic Imaging Symposia in San Jose. 
He was awarded the Best Student Paper award at SPIE's 1992 Visual 
Communications Conference and was an NSF Fellow in the 1991 Japan 
Summer Institute. His current interests are in image and video compression, 
Internet video and multidimensional signal processing. He has authored 
numerous articles and has patents pending in these areas.

*********** Registration Fees  and  Registration Information ***********

Dates:  Monday, July 14 - Friday, July 18, 1997

Times:  Regular sessions will begin at 8:30 AM and end at 5:00 PM,
With Fridays session ending at 12:00 noon.

Refreshments will be service at 8:00 AM daily and at breaks.  Lunch
periods will be from 12:00 to 1:30.

Location:  Classes will be held at Portland State University,
(PSU), located in downtown Portland.  Detailed information will be
sent to registrants.

For further information:

Phone: (503) 725-3806 or 1-800-547-8887 ext. 3806

Email: laura@ee.pdx.edu

WWW: http://www.ee.pdx.edu/short.course/image_compression/

Fees:

Early Registration:  $1395. Registration form and payment must be
postmarked BY JUNE 13, 1997.

Late Registration:  $1595.  Registration form and payment postmarked
AFTER JUNE 13, 1997.

All registration materials must be received BY JULY 4, 1997.
Fees include lecture, course materials, refreshments and a
Certificate of Completion.

A 15% discount will be granted when 6 or more people from the
same company location register for the course.

Refund:  A full refund will be given for cancelations
received at PSU by mail, phone, or e.mail, prior to July 4, 1997.
NO REFUND will be made for a cancelation notice received after July
4, 1997, or for no attendance.  A substitute may attend in place of
the registered participant.

Accommodations:  For reservations made by July 4, 1997,
special rates for participants have been arranged with:

Airline:  

Away/Carlson Travel: 1-800-634-2306

5% Airline discount (Credit Cards Only)

Ask for Catherine.

Hotel:  

Days Inn City Center:  1-800-899-0248

$67 single occupancy (1 Queen size bed)

$72 double occupancy (2 Queen size beds)

Mention P.S.U. Video and Image Compression: when making
reservations.  The hotel is a pleasant 10 minute walk to PSU.
Buses and MAX trains in the downtown area are free, so it should not
be necessary to rent a car.  Other nearby hotels:

The Benson:(503)228-2000
Heathman Hotel:(503)241-4100
Hilton Hotel:(503)226-1611
Mallory Hotel:(503)223-6311
Marriott Hotel:(503)226-7600

Excursions:  Spousal/Companion activities will be arranged
depending on interest.


Registration form:
----------------cut here---------------

Intensive Course Registration

Image and Video Compression:

Fundamentals, Applications, and Standards

July 14 - 18, 1997

Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A.


_____________________________________________

Name

_____________________________________________

Company

_____________________________________________

Address

_____________________________________________

City/State/Zip

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Email address:                 Work Phone:



Payment Options:

$1395 if postmarked BY June 13, 1997

$1185 per person for six or more registrations from one company location.

$1595 if postmarked AFTER June 13, 1997

$1355 per person for six or more registrations from one company location.

Enclosed is a check made payable to Portland State 

University - Electrical Engineering Department

Please charge the registration fee to my credit card:

Visa  MasterCard

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Account Number, Expiration Date

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Signature

I would like to receive information on the Spousal/ Companion activities.

MAIL OR FAX FORM TO:

Portland State University
Department of Electrical Engineering
Image and Video Compression
P.O. Box 751
Portland, OR  97207-0751

Phone:  (503) 725-3806  Fax: (503) 725-3807
Email: laura@ee.pdx.edu

All registration materials must be received by July 4, 1997

WWW: http://www.ee.pdx.edu/short.course/image_compression/