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The following workshops are being organized n concert with:
 ACM 1992 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work
 October 31 - November 4, 1992
 Toronto, Ontario
 CANADA


> Forwarded message:
 From Mantei%Erg%WMW@civp.utwente.nl Wed Jul 15 10:43:34 1992
 X-Ns-Transport-Id: 08002008D0FD001FEBA9
 Date:  Wed, 15 Jul 1992 02:58:28 PDT
 From: Mantei%Erg%WMW@civp.utwente.nl
 Subject: CSCW'92 Workshops
 To: announcements.chi@xerox.com
 Message-Id: <92Jul15.005856pdt.11820@alpha.xerox.com>



 *****  ATTACHMENT: x:workshop *****

 The following text is a much more detailed description of the
 CSCW'92 Workshop Call for Participation than we are able to
 put into the advance program for the conference.  We are
 distributing this electronically to provide as complete a
 description of the workshops as we can to potential participants.

 PLEASE DISTRIBUTE WIDELY


 CSCW'92 -- SHARED PERSPECTIVES


 ACM 1992 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work
 October 31 - November 4, 1992
 Toronto, Ontario
 CANADA
 -------------------------------------------------
 W O R K S H O P S - Saturday October 31, 1992
 ------------------------------------------------

 IMPORTANT DEADLINES AND REQUIREMENTS
 FOR PARTICIPANTS

 Workshop participation will be by invitation only.
 Invitations will be issued in response to short (3-5
 page) position papers, which should include the
 prospective participant(s) experience and/or interests
 in the area, as well as a discussion of relevant
 problems and/or CSCW development work.  Prospective
 participants are referred to workshop descriptions for
 more detailed content requirements of the position papers.
 Five copies of position papers should be sent by  August 10,
 1992 to the Contact Person.  Invitations will be sent by
 September 1, 1992.  Please include your name, address,
 telephone number, email address and FAX number on
 your submission.  Accepted workshop participants will
 be expected to pay a $60.00 CND workshops fee at the
 conference site.  Workshops are full-day sessions  (9:00
 - 5:30).


 ***************************************
 ETHNOGRAPHIC STUDIES OF WORK AND
 CSCW SYSTEM DESIGN

 John Hughes, Lancaster University
 David Randall, Lancaster University
 Graham Button, Plymouth Polytechnic & Rank Xerox
 EuroPARC
 ***************************************

 OBJECTIVES AND THEMES:
 As a number of commentators have noted, one of the major
 causes of system "failure" is the mismatch between the
 functionalities of the system as conceived by designers and its
 contexts of use: a problem which becomes more acute as, and to
 adapt a phrase of Grudin's, the interface moves outward into the
 world of work. Thus, additional problems face the designer not the
 the least of which is capturing the relevant features of socially
 organised work activities.

 Within CSCW ethnographic studies of work are
 increasingly seen as one of the more important means
 by which system designers can become better informed about the
 social organisation of work activities with a view to designing
 appropriate computer support which resonates with those
 activities rather than works against them. Though often
 accompanied by no little hyperbole about what ethnographic
 methods can achieve, there is little doubt that they are becoming
 more prominent in the field of CSCW. However, although
 ethnography has a long and honourable tradition in sociology
 and anthropology, system design is a new context for the
 method, and appropriate ways of working with system designers
 is in the process of being worked out. It is relatively rare, for
 example, for ethnographers to be placed in an applied role in
 which their materials are not only used in design but have to be
 communicated to persons trained in the styles of a very different
 discipline with its own ways of working. To put it simply,
 whereas system designers need to "decompose" tasks and
 activities in order to build appropriate models of the processes to
 be engineered, ethnographers tend to see tasks and activities as
 woven together in some socially organised collectivity.

 A related problem is organising ethnographic materials in a
 form which is easily communicable to designers.  Fieldnotes,
 for example, prior to analysis and writing up, are normally relatively
 incohate, discursive, informal and rarely of a form which specifies
 system requirements with the formal precision required by designers.
 Although such differences are not necessarily antithetical, they
 do pose problems of collaboration between system designers and
 ethnographers.

 A further issue has to do with the context of research.  Design
 in an industrial context, for example, is much more constrained
 by time than it is in a research context, and this has ramifications
 for ethnographic methods which, normally and in a
 sociological/anthropological context, are much more
 prolonged than many industrial contexts would allow. In
 addition, and following on from the last point, are issues to do
 with the relationship of ethnographic methods for informing
 system design to other methods including, for example,
 participant-centred design, task-oriented analyses of work, and
 so on.

 What this workshop proposes to do is provide a forum in which
 researchers, both social scientists and system designers, can
 discuss their various experiences and methods of bringing
 ethnographic studies of work to bear on system design. The
 objective is to emphasise practical issues rather than theoretical
 ones.  Among the issues we would hope to discuss include:

    problems of ethnographic research in various
    contexts of work - what constitutes good ethnography in
    the system design context;

    working and communicating in an
    interdisciplinary context - solutions to the problems of
    language, culture and perspective;

    informing the design process - problems of
    completeness and consistency

    ethnography and models of system development -
    waterfall approaches versus rapid prototyping

    ethnography in research and industrial context of
    system design - cost and time constraints of research

    the relationship of ethnography to other methods
    of requirements capture

 The specific goals of the workshop are to bring researchers and
 practitioners interested in using ethnographic styles of research to
 inform CSCW system design and to identify common problems
 and practical solutions.

 PLANNED ACTIVITIES:
 The workshop will cover a single day.  It will consist of short
 presentations focussed around the practical problems of relating
 ethnography to system design.  One of the presentations will be
 our own experience in the air traffic control project   The
 presentations will take place in the morning session at the end of
 which 3 or 4 issues will be selected for fuller discussion in the
 afternoon session.  This may involve a number of subgroups each
 working on a theme for the concluding presentations.

 PARTICIPANTS:
 We are mainly interested in attracting those, social and computer
 scientists, who have, or are intending to use, ethnographic
 studies of work in system design.  Those who wish to present their
 work to the workshop are asked to prepare a position paper related
 to the themes of the workshop.  (See the general introductory section
 to these workshops for submission deadlines and paper length
 requirements.  Please send all position papers to the contact person
 indicated at the end of the workshop description.)

 ABOUT THE ORGANIZERS:
 JOHN A HUGHES, Department of Sociology and
 CSCW Centre, Lancaster University, UK,  and has been
 involved in a number of projects in relating ethnographic studies
 of work to system design, most recently including air traffic
 control and software engineering.

 DAVE RANDALL, Department of Sociology and CSCW Centre,
 Lancaster University, is an ethnographer currently working on a
 project on air traffic control in which the study of controllers at
 work is being used to inform the design of a visual display of
 flight progress information.

 GRAHAM BUTTON, Plymouth Polytechnic and Rank Xerox,
 Europarc, has done ethnographic studies of software engineers
 and organised a workshop on similar themes at E-CSCW '91,
 Amsterdam.

 CONTACT PERSON:
 Professor John A. Hughes
 Department of Sociology
 Lancaster University
 Bailrigg
 Lancaster LA1 4YL
 United Kingdom
 Phone: +44 524 65201 ext 4174
 Email: soa010@lancaster.ac.ak



 ***************************************
 UNDERSTANDING AND SUPPORTING
 SUCCESSFUL GROUP WORK IN SOFTWARE
 DESIGN

 John Bennett, IBM Almaden Research Center
 John Karat, IBM   T. J. Watson Research Center
 ***************************************

 OBJECTIVES AND THEMES:
 This workshop will provide an opportunity for experienced
 practitioners and reflective researchers interested in improving
 software design group activities to come together for focusing
 discussion.  People at the workshop will have an opportunity to
 characterize group work in design with emphasis on different types
 of support and interventions intended to increase the probability of
 outcomes successful in terms of both work process and work
 results.  By providing a forum for discussion we can develop an
 integrated and more comprehensive view of what needs to be
 addressed when we consider support for groups engaged in complex
 activities such as software design.  The result will be a step towards
 collected techniques and an understanding of how to use them that
 could  be applied to both the group processes in design and
 development of software (groupware) and the use of such software
 in group meetings (CSCW).

 We have all been a part of many working groups. Some of these
 groups produce results that meet the criteria for success, and
 the members of the group feel a sense of satisfaction.  Other
 groups are less successful and, as participants, we could all tell
 stories  illustrating the many factors (technical, interpersonal,
 organizational) that appear correlated with the outcome.  In this
 workshop we will explore from a practitioner and research
 perspective the experiences that appear important in the group
 process.  What ways of acting and reflecting appear to make
 a difference in the likelihood that a group engaging in a complex
 task will produce good results?

 We are particularly interested in attracting workshop participants
 with experience and ideas relevant to the group activites involved
 in the design of software systems.  What characterizes groups that
 are successful, both in terms of the members and what they need to
 do?  As an extension to this picture of successful groups, we
 encourage suggestions which address what might be done to support
 or facilitate groups in becoming successful.  Here we are interested
 both in techniques which may be based on "technology" (such as
 group support tools) an in techniques which rely on development of
 human skills (such as the use or training of group facilitators).  How
 can we change the way groups work so that future group work is
 productive?  What is needed (in terms of training, technology, and
 organizational changes) to really improve effectiveness?

 PLANNED ACTIVITIES:
 We view our primary responsibility as organizers to serve as
 discussion facilitators for the workshop, and we will plan the details
 of the agenda with the participants in advance of the workshop.
 We anticipate that the workshop will include brief presentations
 by each of the participants, followed by a discussion within
 the group and the development of an outline for a report on
 "Understanding and Supporting Successful Group Work in Software
 Design".  Producing the outline report will serve to focus the activity
 of the workshop and provide a summary  to the CSCW community.

 The position papers received will be distributed to the workshop
 participants approximately a month before the workshop, and a
 discussion of the agenda will be conducted by email.  This will aid in
 the efficient use of time at the actual one-day event.  A report of
 the workshop will be prepared for the SIGCHI and SIGOIS Bulletins.

 PARTICIPANTS:
 We invite interested individuals to submit a brief position paper
 which will outline their work on the theme described above.
 (See workshop introduction for instructions on length and due
 dates for papers.  Papers are to be sent to the contact person
 listed at the end of this workshop description.)  We hope to
 attract participants who represent a broad range of experiences
 with group activities.  We seek a balance of both practitioners
 and researchers interested in improving our shared understanding
 of successful group activites related to software design, we would
 encourage submissions from anyone with experiences that they
 believe to be relevant.  We expect to select approximately 20
 participants from those submitting position papers.  Selection will be
 based on the papers received with respect to the estimated quality
 of work, breadth of experience, and balance in the points of view
 at the workshop.  The organizers will act as the workshop selection
 committee.

 We will be open to participation by anyone based on the information
 provided in the position papers.  It is our goal to have participants
 with practical experience play a key role in the discussion, and we
 will take steps to canvass and recruit practitioners to balance the
 research perspective.

 ABOUT THE ORGANIZERS:
 JOHN KARAT is a research staff member at the IBM T.J. Watson
 Research Center.  His current activity is focused on support for design
 activities in the development of computer systems.  He organized a
 workshop for CHI '90 which resulted in a book on techniques for HCI
 design ("Taking Software Design Seriously: Practical techniques for
 human-computer interaction design," Academic Press, 1991).  He is
 active in the development of international standards for human-
 computer interaction and is chair of the HFS/ANSI HCI Standards
 commitee.  He is the CHI '92 Workshop Chair, and he has participated
 in CHI workshops on modeling, consistency, context, and
 standardization.

 JOHN BENNETT is a research staff member at the IBM Almaden
 Research Center.  His current research activity is focused on effective
 understanding, teaching, and application of group facilitation in
 design activities.  He was co-organizer of the CHI '88 Workshop on
 Analytical Models (SIGCHI Bulletin, April, 1989).  His experience with
 group activities includes serving as mentor in support of the student
 design processes in the course "Human-Computer Interaction" taught
 by Terry Winograd in the Stanford Computer Science Department
 1990-92.  He was Co-Chair of the CHI'92 Technical Program
 Committee.

 CONTACT PERSON:
 John Karat
 IBM  T. J.. Watson Research Center
 P.O. Box 704
 Yorktown Heights, NY  10598
 USA
 Phone: (914) 784-7832
 Fax: (914) 784-7279
 Email: jkarat@watson.ibm.com


 ***************************************
 PRIVACY CONSIDERATIONS IN CSCW

 Andrew Clement, University of Toronto
 ***************************************

 OBJECTIVES AND THEMES:
 The development of CSCW applications generally implies new ways
 of recording and transmiting detailed information about individual
 users' behavior.  This is especially the case for those working in
 "media spaces," involving video cameras, microphones and location
 devices (e.g. active badges).  Such information dissemination
 capabilities pose the possibility of unwelcome interruption and
 exposure.  Unless adequate provisions are made for individuals to
 retain control of information about themselves, their privacy may be
 threatened.  The development of CSCW technologies may also be
 inhibited.

 This workshop has the following aims:

    to form a group of researchers and practitioners who have an
    ongoing interest in the privacy implications of CSCW technologies

    to identify the major privacy issues in CSCW, particularly in
    relation to the paradigmatic applications (e.g. email, media spaces)

    to propose a framework to guide CSCW developers and
    implementors in  creating applications that are sensitive to privacy
    concerns

 PLANNED ACTIVITIES:
 In the morning session, participants will explore in detail several
 realistic scenarios involving privacy issues.  These will reflect a
 range of common/plausible situations by drawing upon prior
 research and participants' written submissions.  Discussions of each
 scenario will focus on identifying the sources of concern, the relative
 contributions of technological and social factors, and the ways in
 which any privacy violation may be avoided or diminished.

 The afternoon session will identify and elaborate the general
 principles that underlie the scenarios analysed earlier.  These will
 cover recommendations and appropriate rationales concerning
 technical design, implementaion policy and standards of conduct.
 The main product will be a draft outline of a report suitable for
 publication in both the SIGCHI and SIGOIS Bulletins.

 ABOUT THE ORGANIZERS:
 ANDREW CLEMENT's research has been on the social and organizational
 implications of workplace computerization.  A central theme of this
 work has been the ways in which users exercise control and are
 controlled through computing technology.  He has written several
 papers on the subject of electronic workplace surveillance and, as a
 member of the CAVECAT and Telepresence projects, is currently
 researching the privacy aspects of media spaces.

 PARTICIPANTS:
 Prospective participants are asked to submit a short position
 statement describing their background, nature of interest in privacy,
 and what they consider to be the primary issues.  In addition, they
 should submit a brief scenario description, suitable for discussion in
 the workshop.  These should describe a situation, preferably based
 on experience, which raises a privacy concern in connection with the
 use of CSCW technologies.  Identities of individuals and organizations
 should be suitably disguised.  Position statements and scenarios will
 be distributed to participants in advance of the session.  Participants,
 to a maximum of 20, will be selected to promote a stimulating mix of
 researchers, developers, implementors and just plain users of CSCW
 technologies.

 Potential participants are referred to the position paper
 submission guidelines preceding the workshop descriptions for length
 restrictions and due dates.  They should submit their position papers
 to the designated contact person.

 CONTACT PERSON:
 Andrew Clement
 Faculty of Library and Information Science
 University of Toronto
 140 St. George Street,
 Toronto, Ontario
 Canada M5S 1A1
 Phone: (416) 978-3111
 Fax: (416) 971-1399
 Email: clement@flis.utoronto.ca


 ***************************************
 REAL TIME GROUP DRAWING AND
 WRITING TOOLS

 Saul Greenberg, University of Calgary
 Stephen Hayne, University of Calgary
 ***************************************

 OBJECTIVES AND THEMES:
 Participants at conventional real time meetings often share physical
 work with each other.  These include: notes, documents, plans, slides
 and drawings, as well as some common work space that allows each
 person to annotate, draw, brainstorm, record, and convey ideas
 during the meeting's process.  Given that an individual's work is
 commonly centered around a computer workstation, the networked
 computer can become a valuable medium for people to share on-line
 work with each other in both face-to-face and geographically
 distributed environments.

 In this workshop, participants will focus on technology that provides
 face-to-face or geographically distributed groups with real-time
 access to shared drawing or writing spaces.  Emphasis will be placed
 on (but not limited to):

    the human factors research and requirements behind the design of
    shared drawing/writing tools;

    the technical factors involved in building these systems;

    the technical and social innovations in implementation;

    specific applications;

    empirical validation or experiences with people using shared work
    spaces;

    the factors involved in the adoption of these tools by groups and
    organizations;

 The technological breakthroughs of building computer-based group
 drawing and writing spaces was made several years ago.  Many
 researchers are now busy constructing their own group tools and
 toolkits and/or pursuing human factors issues.  We feel there is a
 great deal of replication of the original ideas, as well as a great deal
 of overlap.  The time is ripe to proceed beyond mere replication and
 move towards empiricism, where lessons are drawn from experience;
 we need to formulate empirical design rules.

 The goals of the workshop are three-fold:

    to bring together the practitioners to discuss the human and
    technical issues surrounding shared drawing/writing tools;

    to create a community aware of its innovations and collective
    experiences;

    to produce a document (a book) that collects together relevant
    findings of the community as a whole.

 PLANNED ACTIVITIES:
 The workshop is intended to be small, an intimate gathering of 10-20
 people.

 Before the workshop.  All participants will be expected to submit a
 position paper accompanied by a full paper (which may have been
 published previously) that best describes their work.  These will be
 used as a basis of selecting workshop participants. (NOTE: The full paper
 is in addition to the general requirements listed at the beginning of
 this document for workshop submission.  This material should be
 submitted to the designated contact person.)

 A proceedings of working papers will be made available to attendees
 at least two weeks in advance of the workshop.  All participants will
 be expected to read these proceedings prior to the workshop.

 During the workshop: In the morning, each participant will present
 and discuss their work through short mini-talks.  These talks are
 meant to summarize the previously-read papers and to highlight
 critical issues.

 In the afternoon: The participants will break up into several small
 groups of 3-5 members each.  Groups will likely be focused around
 the five points mentioned in the theme section.  Each group will elect
 a chairperson who will be responsible for coordinating a book section
 on that topic.  That is, the chairperson will write a brief introduction
 to the topic, and will coordinate individual contributions from other
 members of the group.

 After the workshop, Saul Greenberg and Stephen Hayne, with the
 help of the group chairpersons, will edit a book tentatively titled
 "Real Time Group Drawing and Writing Tools".  The book will contain
 an editors' introduction, and will be split into several sections
 corresponding to each group topic.  A section will contain an
 introduction by the group chairperson, and relevant published
 material for the attendees (this may include previously-published,
 revised, and new papers).

 PARTICIPANTS:
 All submitters must provide a position paper accompanied by a
 previously published paper.  It is critical that workshop participants
 also agree to supply a high-quality book contribution within four
 months of the workshop.

 Workshop participants will be accepted based upon the
 appropriateness, quality, and novelty of their research, as well as
 their commitment to work towards a book contribution.

 ABOUT THE ORGANIZERS:
 SAUL GREENBERG is an Assistant Professor in Computer Science at the
 University of Calgary.  His research field is both Human-Computer
 Interaction and Computer-Supported Cooperative Work.  Dr.
 Greenberg and his colleagues are concerned with the human and
 technical factors of groupware.  They are building GROUPLAB, a suite
 of groupware tools that include shared drawings and writing tools,
 groupware toolkits, and shared view systems.  He has published
 several articles in the area, and is the editor of the 1991 book
 "Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Groupware", Academic
 Press.

 STEPHEN HAYNE's research interests lie mainly in distributed database
 design, knowledge-based technology and group support systems.
 Much of his research is rooted in the desire to use innovative
 technology to solve real business problems.  To this end he has
 implemented tools in graphical environments to assist groups in
 communication and decision-making, i.e., shared drawing, group
 brainstorming, the handling of concurrent issues and consolidation.  He is
 also applying this technology to support decision making during crisis
 situations.  Several of his articles have been published on technical
 innovation and empirical validation of group support systems.

 CONTACT PERSON:
 Saul Greenberg
 Department of Computer Science
 University of Calgary
 Calgary, Alberta
 Canada  T2N 1N4
 Phone: (403) 220-6087
 Email: saul@cpsc.ucalgary.ca


 ***************************************
 TECHNOLOGY AND PEDAGOGY FOR
 COLLABORATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING IN
 A CONTEXT FOR LEARNING

 Denis Newman, Bolt, Beranek and Newman, Inc.
 Timothy Koschmann, Southern Illinois University
 ***************************************

 OBJECTIVES AND THEMES:
 A large part of the current school reform movement centers around
 changing the nature of the educational activity in school from
 teacher-led lessons on subject matter content to project-based work
 in which students are active problem-solvers and theorists while the
 teacher plays more of a coaching role.  Very often, the complexity of
 the projects invites collaborative work as a way to bring multiple
 perspectives on the problem and for students to learn from each
 other.  We are seeing collaborative problem solving being used all
 the way from elementary school math classrooms to teaching clinical
 science in medical school.  This workshop will bring together people
 working in all aspects of collaborative learning in education to begin
 building a solid research and development community.  One of the
 outcomes of the workshop will be plans for taking advantage of new
 government funding opportunities.

 Problem solving is the focus of this workshop because of its relation
 to school reform and restructuring efforts and because it is a domain of
 pedagogy that can benefit most immediately from the developments
 in CSCW technology.  Problem solving includes activities such as
 collecting and analyzing data, working with simulations of physical or
 biological systems, finding the best mathematical analysis of a real
 life scenarios, and the case-based learning used in many schools of law
 and medicine.  Collaborative problem solving in schools is making
 use of computer tools for analysis, simulation, display, and
 communication.  The workshop will investigate ways to mold the
 technology and the pedagogy to take best advantage of student
 collaboration.

 There are two distinct domains of work that this workshop intends to
 develop and bring together.

 1) WIDE AREA WORK GROUPS.  Teachers, researchers and developers
 in recent years have worked with a variety of projects that make use
 of wide area connections among learners and schools.  With
 increasing attention to the Internet as a means of school networking,
 these projects are on the verge of rapid expansion towards universal
 access.

 2) LOCAL WORK GROUPS. Teachers, researchers and developers have
 also been working within classrooms to develop collaborative
 techniques.  Some of these are migrating to local area networks to
 better support collaboration and communication.

 Cross-cutting these two contexts for learning are distinct concerns for,
 first, technology design and implementation and, second, research on
 the impact on classrooms and the design of a new pedagogy that can
 take advantage of the technology.

 To conceptualize the issues we will address in this workshop, we
 have constructed the accompanying two-by-two matrix.  Each of the
 cells will be represented by a member of the program committee
 with expertise in that area.  While we believe that work done within
 each cell has distinct properties and will benefit from in-depth
 discussion, we also believe that the integration across these cells will
 be necessary if the workers in this field are to form a vibrant
 community.  We do not think these divisions are artificial but
 represent real clusters of expertise that need to be brought together.

                     WITHIN CLASSROOMS   BETWEEN SCHOOLS

 PEDAGOGY ISSUES
   theory            Group 1             Group 2
   research methods  moderator:          moderator:
   problem applica-  ROY PEA             SHELLEY GOLDMAN
   tions, teachers as
   researchers

 TECHNOLOGY ISSUES
   design            Group 3             Group 4
   implementation    moderator:          moderator:
   standards         EARL WOODRUFF       BEVERLY HUNTER
   market strategies

 Clearly, the research and pedagogical concerns must maintain a
 consistent conversation with the development and design.  Perhaps
 more difficult, but critically important, is the integration of work
 done within the the classroom and done over wide area networks.  A
 major goal of the workshop is to bring these together so that a
 coherent approach can be taken to the opportunities for
 internetworking in schools.  Internet technology that is just now
 beginning to enter schools is bringing these two worlds together for
 the first time.

 PLANNED ACTIVITIES:
 Our workshop will be organized around discussions within and
 between the four groups.  After a period of introductions and
 general discussion, the workshop will break into four parallel
 sessions in which each participant will present their work informally.
 We will encourage the use of video and software demonstrations in
 these 2 hour sessions which will conclude with a discussion
 summarizing the main findings and designing a presentation to
 the whole group.  After the lunch break, we will reconvene as a
 whole group and hear reports from each subgroup.  We will then
 divide the remaining discussion between a session on the research/
 pedagogical issues and the technical/design issues possibly running
 part of that discussion in two parellel tracks.

 PARTICIPANTS:
 We expect to invite approximately 20 participants (in addition
 to the program committee), with interests divided among the cells.
 This open call for participation requests a summary of a position
 with respect to one or more cells.  The page lengths and due dates
 for the position papers are listed in the general instructions
 preceding the workshop descriptions.  These papers should be
 mailed directly to the contact person on or before the indicated date.

 ABOUT THE ORGANIZERS:
 SHELLEY GOLDMAN, a senior scientist at the Institute for Research on
 Learning, has conducted ethnographic research on classroom and
 computer-mediated discourse in schools and research settings.

 BEVERLY HUNTER is the program officer at the National Science
 Foundation responsible for research and development of
 communication infrastructures for schools.

 TIMOTHY KOSCHMANN (co-organizer), a professor at the Southern
 Illinois University School of Medicine, chaired a workshop at SIU last
 fall that brought together medical educators with researchers
 involved with collaborative learning in schools.

 DENIS NEWMAN (co-organizer), a senior scientist at Bolt Benerak
 and Newman Inc., has conducted research and development on local
 and wide area networks for schools.

 ROY PEA is John Evans Professor of Education and Social Policy at
 Northwestern University and a senior member of the Institute for
 the Learning Sciences where his research and development work
 includes multimedia and collaborative reasoning technologies.

 EARL WOODRUFF is a professor in the Faculty of Education,
 University of Toronto where he has been developing classroom
 supports for constructivists models of learning as a contributor to the
 CSILE project and in his work contrasting face-to-face and networked
 learning groups.


 CONTACT PERSON:
 Denis Newman
 Bolt, Beranek and Newman, Inc.
 10 Moulton St.
 Cambridge, MA  02138
 USA
 Phone: (619) 942-2180
 Fax: (619) 942-2181
 Email: dnewman@kirin.bbn.com


 ***************************************
 CSCW TOOLS AND IMPLMENTATION

 Simon Kaplan, University of Illinois
 Prasun Dewan, Purdue University
 Tom Rodden, Lancaster University
 Steve Benford, Nottingham University
 Philip Johnson, University of Hawaii
 ***************************************

 OBJECTIVES AND THEMES:
 The current generation of CSCW applications provide models and
 mechanisms aimed at supporting either a particular cooperative
 activity or class of activities.  These applications are often unaware of
 the existence of other applications and provide few mechanisms for
 working in conjunction with other applications.  However, the nature
 of cooperative work is that it occurs in conjunction with many
 ongoing activities often in a seamless fashion.

 Consequently, as CSCW applications become more widely available, it
 will become increasingly necessary to focus on the computer
 environment which supports them.  Such an environment should be
 aimed at allowing a multiplicity of CSCW approaches and paradigms
 to co-exist.  A central aim of such an environment should be the co-
 existence of many forms of cooperation including:

    remote/local cooperation

    personal/group work

    synchronous/asynchronous work

 In addition CSCW applications are an integral part of the activities
 which take place within the organization they are embedded.  If one
 considers the nature of groups working on a large scale over a long
 time period, it becomes apparent that any major activity typically
 involves the complex interaction of numerous sub-activities often
 taking place within different applications.  The general picture is of
 many interrelated activities taking place within a world of shared
 resources, people and information.  Very often, the environment will
 be the representation of the organization(s) within which activities
 occur.

 This workshop will examine the provision of services to support
 cooperative applications at an architectural or systems environment
 level.  Important issues to be considered will include:

    Appropriate architectures to support CSCW applications.

    The provision of generic services for CSCW applications.

    The impact of CSCW on existing supporting technologies and
    architectures.

    The development of appropriate models to promote cooperation
    across CSCW applications.

    Techniques to make appropriate features of supporting platforms
    tailorable by both end-users and developers.

    The development of techniques to allow organisational information
    and resources to be shared between applications.

    The incorporation of different media forms within supporting
    infrastructures.

    The role of standards in environments to support CSCW
    applications.

 The specific goals of the workshop are to:

    Bring together researchers and practitioners interested in all
    aspects of the problems associated with designing and implementing
    systems support for CSCW applications.

    Identify problems with current platforms and environments and
    suggest possible solutions.

    Identify and discuss appropriate theoretical and practical models
    which are suitable to describe important characteristics of
    supporting environments.

    Identify the important future trends both in technological
    development and standardization which are likely to influence CSCW
    applications development.

 This list of goals is not intended to be complete but rather an
 indication of the kinds of topics we wish to discuss at the workshop.

 PLANNED ACTIVITIES:
 The proposed workshop will run for an entire day. The morning
 session will consist of short selected presentaions from
 participants.  This session will end by selecting three or
 four issues from a wider list of issues extracted from the
 input documents.  The afternoon session will discuss these
 issues in greater depth.  This may involve a number of different
 subgroups depending on the number of participants.  The goal of
 the afternoon session will be to arrive at a set of clear
 statements on each of the issues. These statements will be
 incorporated into a final workshop report.

 PARTICIPANTS:
 We expect the audience to consist primarily of systems
 developers interested in developing novel technology to
 support CSCW.  To ensure a coherent workshop, and because
 attendence will most likely need to be limited, admission
 will be by invitation only.  Invitations will be issued in response
 to a position paper.  The paper should address participants work
 relative to the issues surrounding the support of CSCW applications.
 Details about the due deadlines and the length of the position
 paper are listed in the paragraphs preceding these workshop
 descriptions.  The position papers should be sent directly to the
 contact person.

 ABOUT THE ORGANIZERS:
 In order to encourage an international flavour to the workshop we
 will have both a European and an American organisation body.  The
 European organisation will be shared between a group of European
 researchers and will be coordinated by Tom Rodden and Steve
 Benford.  The USA organisation will be coordinated by Simon Kaplan
 and Philip Johnson.

 TOM RODDEN has been active in CSCW research since 1987.  He was
 co-organiser of the previous developers workshop in Amsterdam
 which concentrated on Open CSCW systems.  He is a member of the
 organising committee for the UK special interest group on CSCW and
 has been a program committee member for the last two European
 conferences on CSCW.  Dr. Rodden is also a member of the advisory
 board for the International Journal on CSCW and co-director of the
 recently established multidiscipinary CSCW research centre at
 Lancaster University.

 Dr. Rodden's current research interests are in the development of
 appropriate supporting technology for cooperative work.  A
 significant amount of this research involves close cooperation with
 other disciplines.  He is a member of a Euorpean COTECH working
 group investigating the development of an environment to support
 cooperative working.

 STEVE BENFORD is a member of the Communication Research Group
 at the University of Nottingham.  Over the past five years, he has
 worked on a number of CSCW projects including AMIGO, COSMOS and
 more recently, GRACE and the European MOCCA project.  He has co-
 edited two books on CSCW and has been a member of the organising
 committee for the E-CSCW'89 and E-CSCW'91 conferences.  He
 is also a delegate to the ISO international standards group which is
 currently developing a standard to support Asynchronous Group
 Communication within the context of OSI.

 Dr. Benford's current research interests are concerned with support
 for large, heterogeneous groups.  This includes the development of
 distributed information sharing systems and also of CSCW
 cyberspaces which provide distributed virtual worlds for interaction.

 SIMON KAPLAN is Associate Professor of Computer Science and
 Director of the Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory at the
 University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.  His research interests
 include CSCW, software engineering, human-computer interaction,
 programming languages and software environments and tools.  He
 was co-organiser (with Tom Rodden) of the E-CSCW-91 developers
 workshop in Amsterdam, is on the program committee of the E-CSCW-
 93 and is technical program committee chairman for the 1993 ACM COCS
 Conference.  His research group is developing the
 ConversationBuilder, an open environment for support of
 collaborative work.

 PHILIP JOHNSON is an Assistant Professor of Computer and
 Information Science at the University of Hawaii, and Director of the
 Collaborative Software Development Laboratory.  His research
 interests include computer-supported cooperative work, software
 engineering, and type systems for programming languages.  His
 research group is currently implementing a system for
 representation and support of structural evolution in collaborative
 systems.

 CONTACT PERSON:
 Simon Kaplan
 Department of Computer Science
 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
 1304 W. Springfield Avenue
 Urbana, IL  61801
 USA
 Phone:  (217) 244-0392
 FAX: (217)333-3501
 Email: kaplan@cs.uiuc.edu


 ***************************************
 INTERDISCIPLINARY THEORY FOR
 CSCW DESIGN

 Yvonne Waern, University of Stockholm
 Dan Shapiro, Lancaster University
 Thomas Schael, Instituto RSP
 ***************************************

 OBJECTIVES AND THEMES:
 It is important, or at the very least useful, to be able to
 state clearly why CSCW should be taken seriously.  This
 involves us in theoretical as well as practical issues.

 We need CSCW:
 1. because work is done in highly complex contexts of
    inter-relationship with others (and becoming more so);

 2. to improve the quality of working life by matching
    systems to the complexity of work rather than
    constraining people to the simplicity of systems;

 3. to improve commercial competitiveness and efficiency
    in the delivery of public services.

 We need MULTIDISCIPLINARY CSCW:
 1. because the domain issues have become too complex to
    be tackled by non-specialists on the basis of 'common
    sense' alone;

 2. because otherwise crucial aspects (e.g. interface
    issues) are likely to be overlooked.

 We need INTERDISCIPLINARY CSCW:
 because without explicit and directed effort, the separate
 contributing disciplines will take only limited account of
 each others' needs, interests, conventions and languages,
 and so their findings and developments will not be mutually
 usable.

 We need interdisciplinary THEORY for CSCW:
 1. because each contributing discipline has a very
    different understanding of its participation in design;

 2. to get a comparative grip on what terms and concepts
    different participants seem to need to work with, and
    what problems or contributions these constitute for
    other participants.


 Yet in tackling interdisciplinary theory for CSCW we need a
 very strong anchor of common sense, as otherwise we get
 drawn into impossible projects, like effecting a general
 theoretical, methodological and practical reconciliation
 between computer science(s), psychology(s), systems and
 management science(s), sociology(s), linguistics, etc.  We
 can help to do this by keeping our eye fixed firmly on
 interdisciplinary theory FOR THE PRACTICAL PURPOSES
 OF CSCW DESIGN.

 PLANNED ACTIVITIES:
 We propose to focus on four main bases for attacking the
 problem of interdisciplinary participation:

 (1) What are the key goals and methods, and the key
     characteristics (rationalist; empirical; constructionist;
     etc) of the different disciplines which contribute to CSCW
     design?

 (2) What are the key terms and concepts used for CSCW by
     contributing disciplines?  To what extent are they
     reconcilable, and to what extent do they conflict?

 (3) What clear examples are there of the ways in which
     various disciplinary contributions "make a real difference"
     to CSCW design?

 (4) What practical experience is there of interdisciplinary
     collaboration in CSCW design, and what lessons for theory
     emerge?

 The workshop day would be divided into four sessions, each
 addressing one of these themes.

 Different activities would be appropriate for each topic:

 (1) would best be served by short position papers followed
     by general discussion;

 (2) by group structuring of concepts entered on scraps of
     paper and tacked to a board for reference, discussion,
     change or deletion;

 (3) by brief descriptions of some target systems, followed
     by discussion; and

 (4) by the review of particular experiences of
     collaboration, introduced by their protagonists.

 PARTICIPANTS:
 This proposal originates in the work of an
 interdisciplinary and international research group funded
 by the European Commission, which has been investigating
 INterdisciplinary Theoretical Approaches for Cooperation
 Technology - 'INTACT' ('Cooperation Technology' is a
 European synonym for CSCW).  This group of seven members
 (four of whom expect to attend at Toronto) forms an initial
 nucleus for the workshop.  Additionally, Brigitte Jordan of
 Xerox PARC and the Learning Research Center will
 participate in the organization of the workshop, and she
 and some of her colleagues will attend.


 Participants will be invited:
 1. to argue for modifications to the themes and structure
    if they think this appropriate;

 2. to choose a theme or combination of themes as the
    focus of their contribution;

 3. to prepare a position paper relating to their
    chosen themes, for circulation in advance of the
    workshop.  The workshop organizers will provide at least
    one substantial position paper on each of the four
    themes.

 Due dates and length requirements for the position
 papers are described in the general submission guidelines
 preceding the workshop descriptions.  They should be sent
 to the designated contact person for each workshop.

 ABOUT THE ORGANIZERS:
 YVONNE WAERN:  Researcher in Human Computer Interaction
 with a background in Cognitive Psychology.  In the last few years
 she has been involved in studies of problem solving work with
 groups of mechanical design engineers. She is author and co-author of
 several articles and books on cognitive psychology and cognitive
 science and a grant holder on several large UK and European research
 projects.

 DAN SHAPIRO:  Department of Sociology, University of Lancaster,
 UK, and Director of the Centre for Research in CSCW. He is author
 and co-author of several articles and two books on CSCW issues and
 a grant holder on several large UK and European CSCW research projects.

 THOMAS SCHAEL:  Consultant and Partner at the Instituto RSO,
 Milan, and member of University of Aachen (RWTH), Germany. He is
 author and co-author of many articles and training materials on CSCW.

 MEMBERS OF THE 'INTACT' GROUP:
 Workshop organizers:
    Yvonne Waern, Department of Psychology, Stockholm
       University, Sweden
    Dan Shapiro, Department of Sociology and Centre for
       Research in CSCW, Lancaster University, UK
    Thomas Schael, Instituto RSO, Milano, Italy

 Other members:
    Gerrit van der Veer, Department of Computer Science,
       Free University, Amsterdam; and Department of
       Ergonomics, Twente University, The Netherlands
 (Chair)
    Steven Guest, Department of Computer Science,
       Loughborough University of Technology, UK
    Michael Tauber, Department of Computer Science,
       University of Paderborn, Germany
    Roland Traunmueller, Department of Informatics,
       University of Linz, Austria

 CONTACT PERSON:
 Dan Shapiro
 Department of Sociology and
 Centre for Research in CSCW
 Lancaster University
 Lancaster, LA1 4YL
 United Kingdom
 Phone: +44 524 65201 ext 4175
 FAX: +44 524 844788
 Email: shapiro@lancaster.ac.uk
 

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