🚀 go-pugleaf

Here's the updated list of user interface advances.  Many thanks to those of
you who sent in your additions/corrections; some of you I didn't thank
personally because my email bounced.  Those who contributed are
    Ed Anson            (savax!spray.CalComp.COM!anson@decvax.dec.com)
    Jim Fulton          (jim@expo.lcs.mit.edu)
    Bruce Horn          (blh@VLSI.CS.CMU.EDU)
    Richard A. O'Keefe  (ok@quintus.UUCP)
    Josh Littlefield    (gordon!josh@harvard.harvard.edu)
    Peter Schachte      (gatech!sri-unix!quintus!pds@husc6.harvard.edu)
    David Tilbrook	(dt+@andrew.cmu.edu)
.  If you sent me mail or posted an addition but your name isn't on the list,
please try sending/posting again.

Bruce Horn noted that:
>I think it is unrealistic to attribute many of these concepts to a single
>person.  Many folks in LRG (Learning Research Group) & SSL (Systems Science
>Laboratory), CSL (Computer Science Laboratory), and SDD (Systems Development
>Division) at Xerox, and the Lisa and Mac groups at Apple were involved
>in creating these ideas.
In response to this, I've tried to list the group involved, as well as just
person or company.

Ed Anson pointed out that menus have been around longer than pointing-device-
ones.  I've added categories for keyboard-based menus.  Where I write "menu"
without a modifier, I mean a mouse-driven one.

Josh Littlefield, Peter Schachte, and Mr Jack Campin pointed out that some
systems allow the user to copy/move text in ways other than cut/copy/paste.
I'm summarize and attribute these in a future posting. (I'm leaving town in
a few hours and am running short on time.)

David Tilbrook (cursor changes to show context) wrote to correct several
misspellings (his first name, the Newswhole system) in an earlier
posting, and wishes to make clear that he did not use a busy-bee
"(yccch)".  The cursors were (from Mr. Tilbrook's letter):
>	Buddha - indicated system is not ready for input
>	Oy_Vey - invalid selection
>	Tracker - used when dragging borders on page
>	Eh_Wot - puck not on tablet or button depressed redundantly
>	No_Room - trying to place object where there isn't
>		enough space
>	KeyBoard - awaiting user input at keyboard
>	Ok - action needs to be confirmed
>	Std - anything else

The List, version 2:
    (where I've received conflicting data, I've listed them all)
UI Innovation                   person(group)@company (product) (date)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
key-based menus         :       earlier than 1978, probably quite ancient
key-based hierarchical menus:   UCSD's Pascal system (1978) or earlier
Bitmapped display       :       CSL@Xerox (Alto) (?)
				    (PERQ was first commercial product)
			or      Terak Corporation (c. 1978)
BitBLT/RasterOp         :       Dan Ingalls(LRG)@Xerox
Pointing device mapped
    to screen pointer   :       Doug Englebart@SRI (mid 70s)
Mouse                   :       Doug Englebart@SRI
Cursor changes
    to show system mode	:       William Newman@Xerox
Cursor changes
    to show context	:       David Tilbrook (Newswhole) (1975)
Menus                   :       LRG@Xerox (?)
Popup Menus             :       Ingalls(LRG)@Xerox
Pulldown menus          :       Lisa@Apple
Menu bar                :       Lisa@Apple
Hierarchical menus      :       Paeth(SSL)@Xerox (Smalltalk)
Disabling of menu items :       Lisa@Apple
			or      Ed Anson (1980) or earlier
			or      Xerox (1982 or earlier)
Key equivalents for m.i.:       Lisa@Apple
			or      Ed Anson (1980) or earlier
Check marks on m. i.    :       Lisa@Apple
Overlapped windows      :       Ingalls(LRG)@Xerox
Tiled windows           :       CSL@Xerox
Event Queue             :       Simula@NCC, then Lisa@Apple
			or      Ed Anson(GPGS) -> CORE, GKS (1975)
Icons                   :       David Smith(SDD)@Xerox (Star) -> Mac -> Lisa
Scroll bars             :       LRG@Xerox
Push Buttons            :       LRG@Xerox
Radio Buttons           :       Kaehler(LRG)@Xerox
Check Boxes             :       LRG@Xerox (?)
Visible indication of button
   invalidity (dimming)	:	David Tilbrook (Newswhole) (1975)
Dialog Boxes            :       Star@Xerox (property sheets)
Resources               :       Horn(Mac)@Apple
Multifont/style text records :  CSL@Xerox (Bravo)
			or      Wang's word processors (1978 or earlier)
Modeless Interaction    :       Tesler(SSL)@Xerox
Move/Copy/Delete            :   Xerox
Cut/Copy/Paste w/ mouse :       Tesler(SSL)@Xerox (Gypsy, then Smalltalk)
Selection point between chrs :  Tesler(SSL)@Xerox (Gypsy & Smalltalk)
				(TECO had this earlier than PARC, it is
				 claimed)

Again, this is your list.  If you'd like to make a change, write me.  If you
want to dispute one of these, a date would be helpful.  I don't know enough
to settle disputes myself, but I'm willing to put you in touch with/arbitrate
a conversation among those who have supplied contradictory data.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oliver Steele					   ...!uunet!mcnc!unc!steele
							   steele@cs.unc.edu
"I worry about anyone under eighteen who isn't a cynic --
 and anyone over eighteen who is."     -- Spider Robinson