🚀 go-pugleaf

This is the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) list for the Usenet newsgroups
comp.unix.unixware and biz.univel.misc and the Univel mailing list  
(univel-request@telly.on.ca).

This FAQ is still in its early stages; this is its fourth posting.  For the  
time being, while the FAQ is in its rapidly-expanding stage, I plan to submit  
it to the net roughly once every two weeks.

I welcome comments and/or suggestions from interested readers.  Particularly  
useful are suggestions for FAQs which are written up in Q/A form.  Please  
send your comments and/or suggestions to

  uunet!molly!vlcek

Please state in your email whether I may print your name and/or email address  
along with the FAQ information you have provided.  Printing these may result  
in other Net or mailing list readers contacting you, thus I will not print  
them unless explicitly authorized.

Recent News:

On November 10, the yeas outnumbered the nays by 338 to 23, and  
comp.unix.unixware was officially approved as the replacement for  
biz.univel.misc.  Sites should begin carrying this new newsgroup after about  
five days following the approval, and readers should switch to and post to  
the new group after their site has picked it up.

From the 13 November 1993 New York Times:

Novell Confirms That It Plans to Change the Guard

``Raymond J. Noorda, who turned Novell Inc. from a struggling also-ran of the 
  computer industry into a $1 billion software powerhouse, confirmed  
yesterday 
  that he would retire as chief executive when a successor was named.

`` `At 69, it's natural for me to be looking for a successor, and I expect to 
  have one in place long before my birthday in June of next year,' Mr. Noorda 
  said in a statement.

``[Kanwal S. Rekhi, Novell's executive vice president for corporate  
technology 
  and head of the Unix Systems Group] is considered one of the leading  
internal
  candidates, along with [chief operating officer Mary M. Burnside] and  
[chief 
  administrative officer James R. Tolonen], to replace Mr. Noorda.''

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1) What is UnixWare?
2) Where can I purchase UnixWare?
3) How much does UnixWare cost?
4) What are UnixWare's hardware requirements?  Does it run on a PC?
5) Which system vendors will sell you a machine with UnixWare installed?
6) What is the UnixWare "Personal Edition"?
7) What is the UnixWare "Application Server"?
8) Are there any books I can read/purchase about UnixWare?
9) How about review articles on UnixWare?
10) What traditional Unix utilities have been left out of the UnixWare PE/AS?
11) Are there anonymous ftp / mail server sites with UnixWare archives?
12) Why does Univel have a Sun system as its FTP server?
13) Where can I get online information on UnixWare?
14) Where can I get a hardware compatibility list for UnixWare?
15) Can I run DOS/Windows programs under UnixWare?
16) Does UnixWare come with TCP/IP and/or NFS?
17) Will UnixWare 1.1 have TCP/IP bundled with the Personal Edition?
18) Is there a UnixWare mailing list I can subscribe to?
19) Can I replace the stock UnixWare X server with something faster?
20) Are there alternatives for programmers to the UnixWare SDK?
21) Will UnixWare version 1.1 bundle Motif?
22) How do I avoid problems programming with the ucb compatibility libraries?
23) Where can I get Emacs?
24) Why can't I access the CD-ROM drive after I've just installed from it?
25) Why does my data comm package lose characters constantly at high speeds?
26) How can I make or get an emergency boot floppy?
27) How do I set a dialup password on UnixWare for a specific port?
28) How do I configure electronic mail on UnixWare?
29) Can DOS NetWare users log in to a UnixWare box via IPX?
30) How can I compile X clients without a complete X11 source tree?

QUESTIONS

1) What is UnixWare?

UnixWare is Novell's Unix offering, combining Unix System V Release 4.2 for  
80x86 processors with NetWare client connectivity.  It provides a graphical  
user interface based on the X11R5 windowing system, and is capable of running  
Unix, DOS, and/or Windows programs.

UnixWare, first released in November 1992, was the product of a jointly-owned  
venture, named Univel, between Novell and Unix Systems Laboratories (USL,  
then a part of AT&T).  In the spring of 1993, Novell completed its  
acquisition of USL and, by extension, Univel.  USL and Univel have since been  
folded into the newly-formed Novell Unix Systems Group (USG, the namesake of  
an earlier group by the same name at AT&T).  One still sees the Univel name  
frequently, but it is being gradually phased out over time.  In this FAQ, I  
will use the phrase "Novell USG" to refer to the Unix Systems Group where  
once "Univel" would have been used.

The current version of UnixWare is version 1.0.  Many rumours have floated  
about regarding the release date of version 1.1; the best guess seems to be  
that it will be out and about some time before the end of the calendar year.

2) Where can I purchase UnixWare?

You can contact Novell USG for reseller information at 1-800-879-6168 between  
the hours:

  Monday through Friday 5AM-6PM Pacific Time
  Saturday 8AM-2PM Pacific Time

Another vendor offering UnixWare, including mixes of options not available  
from Univel, is the Information Foundation.  They can be reached at by phone  
at (303) 572-6486 or 1-800-GET-UNIX, or via email at "sales@if.com".

Every mail-order software house I've contacted so far has carried UnixWare.   
This includes the following:

  Computer Discount Warehouse     Programmer's Paradise
  1-800-891-4CDW                  1-800-445-7899

  ASAP Software Express           Inmac
  1-800-248-ASAP                  1-800-323-6905

3) How much does UnixWare cost?

So far, Information Foundation appears to be the price leader by offering the  
UnixWare Personal Edition for $166 (CD-ROM version only).  The last I heard,  
Univel's list price was $249, although that may have since changed.  Dealer  
prices may beat both of these.

4) What are UnixWare's hardware requirements?  Does it run on a PC?

Yes, UnixWare runs on PCs.  The necessary hardware configuration for  
installing and running UnixWare is:

* A personal computer running an Intel 80386 or higher processor
  with a minimum speed of 16MHz.
  The ISA, EISA, and MCA bus architectures are supported.
* A minimum of 8MB RAM for the Personal Edition.
* A minimum of 12 MB RAM for the Application Server.
* A minimum 80MB hard disk for the Personal Edition.
* A minimum 120 MB hard disk for the Application Server.
* A minimum 40MB if you have a second hard disk (optional).
* A 3.5-inch or 5.25-inch diskette drive for booting UnixWare.
* A serial, bus, or PS/2-compatible mouse is recommended, but not required.

Eric Raymond periodically posts in the Usenet group comp.unix.pc-clone.32bit  
a guide to hardware compatibility for Unix versions that run on Intel-based  
hardware.  While not specifically devoted to UnixWare, it is handy for  
discussions of the difficulties that may be encountered in installing Unix on  
PC hardware.

5) Which system vendors will sell you a machine with UnixWare installed?

I do not currently have an official list of vendors offering bundled  
UnixWare.  Can anyone supply one?

I _do_ know that AST Research offers UnixWare bundled on its machines, as the  
infamous October SunWorld article on Unix-on-Intel mentioned that they  
stripped the bundled UnixWare off their AST in order to experience the "joy"  
of reinstalling it.  Call:

  AST Research
  1-800-876-4AST

Mobius Computer of Pleasanton CA will sell you an Intel box with UnixWare  
preinstalled, among other Unix offerings:

  Mobius Computer
  5627 Stoneridge Drive,
  Building 312
  Pleasanton, CA 94588-8503
  (800) MOBIUS1
  (510) 460-5252
  FAX (510) 460-5249

Mobius does have email access, although they don't seem to attach the same  
importance to it that Usenet readers would.  They don't list a general sales  
or info address; you might try sales@mobius.com or info@mobius.com.

Sound Software Ltd. of Brampton Ontario resells UnixWare as software alone,  
or bundled with an Intel box:

  Sound Software Ltd.
  20 Abelard Avenue,
  Brampton, Ontario Canada
  L6Y 2K8
  (905) 452-0504
  (905) 452-9754 FAX
  sound@telly.on.ca

6) What is the UnixWare "Personal Edition"?

The UnixWare "Personal Edition" is the desktop version of UnixWare.  The  
following laundry list is lifted from Information Foundation's bounce-back  
email information server:

UnixWare Personal Edition
        UNIX System V Release 4.2 Base System
        Printer Support
        Network Support Utilities
        Graphics Utilities
        Enhanced Application Compatibility
        Adobe Type Manager
        TypeScaler Fonts
        Networked Graphics
        X11 Windowing System
        Graphical Desktop Manager
        Windowing Korn Shell
        CD-ROM File System Support
        Ethernet Hardware Support
        Token Ring Hardware Support
        European Language Supplement
        DOS Merge for DOS/Windows Support
        Novell Network Services

7) What is the UnixWare "Application Server"?

As the name implies, the Application Server is the server version of  
UnixWare.  Originally, at least, the idea was that an enterprise network  
would be built up of DOS, Windows, and UnixWare clients, with a NetWare box  
providing file services and a UnixWare AS running applications which would  
display on the PE clients.  I don't know if this is still the plan or not.

The laundry list (again lifted from the IF literature) is:

UnixWare Application Server
        Personal Edition (Unlimited User License)
        Personal Utilities
        TCP/IP & NFS

where UnixWare Personal Utilities =
        Advanced UNIX Utilities
        BSD Compatibility
        Advanced Administration Utilities

8) Are there any books I can read/purchase about UnixWare?

For users new to Unix, "The Rookie's Guide to UnixWare" from Novell Press  
presents a simplified introduction to the operating system and its user  
interface.  It covers that basics: logging in, opening, closing, creating and  
deleting files and folders, customizing the desktop etc.  The book's baseball  
theme (UnixWare is presented as "A Major League Operating System") is clearly  
intended to make the treatment more palatable to computerphobes.

The Rookie's Guide to UnixWare
Susan Adams, Colleene Isaacs, and Marcus Kaufman
Novell Press, 1993
ISBN: 0-7821-1376-1

Mick Galvin (mick@ddiq.com) notes:

``As I think one of the points of Unixware is the integration of Netware
  with Unix I would highly recommend "Novell's Guide to Integrating UNIX and
  NetWare Networks" by James E. Gaskin, published by Novell PRESS. This is
  a *very* current book (1993) and amongst other things offers thoughts on
  topics like why netware for unix is not available on UnixWare (even though
  the Univel fax back server suggests it is!) It is sprinkled with humour.''

Novell's Guide to Integrating UNIX and NetWare Networks
James E. Gaskin, Novell Press, 1993
ISBN: 0-7821-1129-7

9) How about review articles on UnixWare?

The June 15, 1993 PC Magazine reviewed UnixWare favorably, rating it the  
Editor's Choice for "Intel Unix" above Consensys V4.2, Dell Unix (RIP),  
Interactive, SCO Open Desktop, NeXTStep on Intel and Solaris x86.  (Note that  
the last two were reviewed prior to release.)  The review concluded ``This  
just may be the Unix for the masses.''

UnixWorld magazine profiled UnixWare over a two-part series in the July and  
August 1993 issues.  UnixWorld looked at UnixWorld from the traditional Unix  
user's point of view, predicting that ``power Unix users will dismiss  
UnixWare out of hand,'' but also noting the advantages of the tight  
integration with NetWare.  The UnixWorld reviews are probably much more  
useful to a system administrator than an ordinary user.

Byte Magazine, after a September 1992 "Is Unix dead?" cover story that looks  
rather silly now in retrospect, gave UnixWare (then still in beta) a friendly  
reception in its January 1993 issue.  ``On features alone, UnixWare is one  
hot number: networked file, mail, printer, and application sharing; NetWare  
client connectivity; DOS compatibility; high-performance multitasking and  
virtual memory; a network-capable windowing system with scalable Adobe Type  
Manager fonts; two levels of hypertext help -- and these are just the highest  
of the high points'' opined the Byte reviewer (Tom Yager  
[tyager@bytepb.byte.com], Byte's Multimedia Lab).

10) What traditional Unix utilities have been left out of the UnixWare PE/AS?

A common complaint among long-time Unix users is the omission of numerous  
standard Unix utilities from the Personal Edition.  While ordinary users  
might not typically use these commands, shell scripts do, and thus Univel may  
have - if inadvertently - introduced yet another Unix version incompatibility  
into the already-too-large mix.

Among the items lacking in the Personal edition are: the C and Korn shells  
(the Windowing Korn Shell [wksh] _is_ included, however), banner, calendar,  
head, join and dc.  These commands _are_ available, however, in the Advanced  
Utilities module (an add-on optional package).

Oh, and of course TCP/IP has been left out of the Personal Edition, too :-)

11) Are there anonymous ftp / mail server sites with UnixWare archives?

Univel provides an anonymous ftp service at gateway.univel.com (137.65.12.1),  
also known as ftp.univel.com.  UnixWare binaries of handy things like the GNU  
development tools, perl, Seyon and GhostScript are starting to show up there.

Novell also has an anonymous ftp service at ftp.novell.com (137.65.4.1).   
UnixWare files can be found under ~ftp/pub/unixware.

The helpful bunch at Novell Germany have set up UnixWare archives at  
ftp.novell.de (193.97.1.1), or accessed as devnull.novell.de if coming from  
the United States (much faster).

The US4BINR archive contains binaries for UNIX System V Release 4 for 386/486  
PCs, including UnixWare.  From the US4BINR mail server:

  US4BINR is now available on wuarchive.wustl.edu in the
  /systems/svr4-pc directory. wuarchive.wustl.edu supports both
  anonymous FTP and NFS mount. wuarchive is the primary
  site for this project.

  The mail server is still available. For help, send mail to
  request@us4binr.login.qc.ca with the simple message (no special
  subject).

      reply your_email_adress
      help
      quit

Another mailserver site for UnixWare binaries and sources is

  mail-server@uel.co.uk

To obtain an index of the contents, send an email to that address with the  
following contents:

  mail <reply-address>
  send INDEX
  end

12) Why does Univel have a Sun system as its FTP server?

Pat Campbell of Novell USG writes:

    When Univel decided to support a ftp site we looked
    around for a "spare" system to use.  All UnixWare
    capable systems were on developers desks or in the
    testing lab.  There was a Sun machine available,
    so we used it.

    The ftp site in Germany is a UnixWare system, so
    obviously UnixWare does work as an ftp server.

    I have heard rumors that the ftp server will soon
    be a UnixWare system, as soon as a new machine can
    be budgeted in.  I personally think this is a waste
    of time, it works why change it?

Hear, hear.

13) Where can I get online information on UnixWare?

*** PHONE ***

Quoting from UnixWare documentation:

``You can speak with a Univel representative regarding Univel product
  information and services Monday through Friday between 8:00 a.m. and 5:00
  p.m. Mountain Standard Time.

``Univel's main telephone numbers are:

``* U.S. and Canada: 1-800-4-UNIVEL (1-800-486-4835)
  * International: 801-568-8548
  * Germany (European Support Center): +49-211-5277-744 (support for Europe,
    Middle East, and Africa)
  * Australia: +61-2-925-3000
  * Hong Kong: +852-827-2223
  * Japan: +81-3-5481-1141''

You can call the 1-800-4UNIVEL number outside of their normal business hours  
and reach the USG FAX hot line (option 1), which enables you to have UnixWare  
information FAXed back to you.

The FAX hot line will ask you for the document number of the information  
packet you'd like.  You will also be given an option to receive one of four  
catalogs:

  Catalog #    Description
  2            Product information and beta programs
  3            Reseller information
  4            Developer's programs and information
  5            Univel education programs

The most useful of these is catalog 2, which includes a listing of some  
important available documents.  This is probably the best bet for a  
first-time user.  Some useful document numbers for starters are:

  2000	How to use the FaxBack service
  2020	UnixWare product data sheets (4 pages)
  2025	Personal Edition details (excerpted from Buyer's Guide, 8 pages)
  2030	Application Server details (excerpted from Buyer's Guide, 9 pages)

Comments and/or suggestions regarding UnixWare can be FAXed back to USG at  
408-473-8774.

*** COMPUSERVE ***

Novell maintains a UnixWare forum on CompuServe.  If you have a CompuServe ID  
and wish to access this form, type:

  GO UNIXWARE

at any CompuServe prompt.  There are message sections for General  
Information, Product Information, Developers, DOS Merge, Installation, X  
Windows, Networking, Device Drivers, Printing, Communications, Applications,  
Bug Watchers, and Updates.

If you do not have a CompuServe ID, contact CompuServe Customer Service at  
800-848-8990 or 614-457-8650 for information on setting up an account.

*** USENET ***

If you have access to Usenet, look into the newsgroups comp.unix.unixware or  
biz.univel.misc (being replaced by comp.unix.unixware).  These are forums for  
the discussion of all issues related to UnixWare.  Other newsgroups possibly  
of interest to UnixWare users are comp.unix.sys5.r4 (for discussions relating  
to the System V Release 4 version of Unix, which includes Novell's UnixWare)  
and comp.unix.misc (for miscellaneous discussions of Unix).

If you do not have access to Usenet, you have a variety of options.  If you  
have access to a Unix system, chances are good that it may already provide  
Usenet access - particularly if it is at an academic or research site.  If  
you do not have access to a Unix system, your best bet is to get an account  
with one of the increasing number of public-access Unix systems being set up  
by entrepreneurial Unix sysadmins.  You can find the contact phone numbers  
for such systems in any one of the many books on the Internet now beginning  
to flood the popular press.

The comp.unix.unixware/biz.univel.misc newsgroup is gatewayed into a mailing  
list for the benefit of those users with email, but not Usenet, access.  To  
receive information on subscribing to this mailing list, send a message to 

  listproc@telly.on.ca

with the word "help" all alone on at least one of the lines in the body of  
the message.

*** EMAIL ***

Novell USG has recently set up a email box for support queries:

  unixware@novell.com

Email sent to this address will be automatically directed to the appropriate  
staff members at USG, so long as the message body of the letter is  
constructed from a form template currently being set up.  Pointers to the  
form template will be posted in this FAQ as soon as it is available.

Similarly, queries regarding product information can be sent to:

  prodinfo@novell.com

Before Novell USG announced its email address for UnixWare support, a helpful  
group of three members of European Univel Support set up an email address to  
which users could send questions about UnixWare.  This email alias was:

  univel@novell.de

and will still probably generate responses.

*** FTP ***

Novell maintains an official UnixWare FTP site at gateway.univel.com.  To  
access this server, you will of course need Internet access.  Type

  ftp gateway.univel.com

At the login prompt, type

  anonymous

When it asks for a password, enter your full email address.

*** WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW) ***

Novell maintains a World Wide Web (WWW) server at:

  http://WWW.Novell.COM/

Via the WWW server at www.novell.com, you can submit product inquiries and  
technical support queries without having to use the email form templates.   
Plus, there's quite a bit of documentation there to be perused.

For xmosaic to access the WWW server:

  ftp to ftp.novell.com and look in ~ftp/pub/xmosaic for  
xmosaic-unixware.tar.Z
  Sources are available from ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu in ~ftp/Web.

14) Where can I get a hardware compatibility list for UnixWare?

Call 1-800-4-UNIVEL (1-800-486-4835; 801-568-8548 outside the US), select  
option 1, and you will be connected to the Univel FAX hotline.  You can then  
follow the prompts to order a catalog of FAX titles, from which you can  
choose the particular item you need.  Be aware that the complete UnixWare  
compatibility guide now exceeds 80 pages and is split into several sections.   
These are listed below, along with their FAX hotline document number (the  
size of the document in pages is printed in parentheses):

       Introduction               2041 Video Adapters (13)
  2035 Computer Systems  (14)     2042 Multivideo Adapters
  2036 Host Adapters (7)          2043 Terminal Servers (1)
  2037 Network Adapters (8)       2044 X Terminals (4)
  2038 Tape Drives (5)            2045 Pointing Devices (2)
  2039 Mass Storage Devices (8)   2046 Printing Solutions (2)
  2040 Multiport Adapters (13)    2047 Hardware Vendors Contact List (4)

As noted earlier, Eric Raymond periodically posts in the Usenet group  
comp.unix.pc-clone.32bit a guide to hardware compatibility for Unix versions  
that run on Intel-based hardware.  While not specifically devoted to  
UnixWare, it is handy for discussions of the difficulties that may be  
encountered in installing Unix on PC hardware.

15) Can I run DOS/Windows programs under UnixWare?

Yes.  UnixWare comes with the capability to run DOS programs via Locus Merge  
and Novell's DR-DOS 6.0 (provided).  DOS version 5.0 may also be installed in  
place of DR-DOS 6.0, although users must provide their own copy.  Purchasers  
of the Personal Edition are entitled to the Windows Merge software, but may  
need to request their copy from:

  By Phone:              By FAX:         By Mail:
  US: 800-892-4650       303-294-0939    Univel Fulfillment Center
  Int'l: 303-297-8372    (US & Int'l)    P.O. Box 5205
                                         Denver, CO 80217-9259

Microsoft Windows is _not_ included in any UnixWare Edition; you must supply  
your own.

The current version of Merge does not support running Microsoft Windows in  
386 enhanced mode.  Locus plans to support enhanced mode Windows in a future  
version; no release date is known at present.
  
16) Does UnixWare come with TCP/IP and/or NFS?

Currently, the Personal Edition does not include TCP/IP or NFS in the basic  
system.  A TCP/IP+NFS package is available from Univel; a similar offer, plus  
a TCP/IP-only option, is available from Information Foundation.

TCP/IP and NFS are bundled with the UnixWare Application Server.

17) Will UnixWare 1.1 have TCP/IP bundled with the Personal Edition?

Apparently so.  Evan Leibovitch (evan@telly.on.ca) states:

``Yes. I have had this confirmed repeatedly by UnixWare people.''

18) Is there a UnixWare mailing list to which I can subscribe?

Yes.  biz.univel.misc (soon to become comp.unix.unixware) is gatewayed with a  
UnixWare mailing list.  From Evan Leibovitch's instructions for that list:

  TO SUBSCRIBE/UNSUBSCRIBE/GET HELP/ETC:
  Send an appropriate message to any *one* of the following addresses,
  each of which is addressed to the list server mechanism at this site
  (listed in order of my preference):

  listproc@telly.on.ca
  univel-request@telly.on.ca
  listserv@telly.on.ca

  The body of your message should contain one of the following lines
  *AS ITS ONLY CONTENT*:

  subscribe univel Your_Full_Name      (Not your e-mail address, the system
                                        will pick that up from the headers.)
  unsubscribe univel
  recipients univel                    (gets a list of subscribers)
  help                                 (duh.)

19) Can I replace the stock UnixWare X server with something faster?

Yes.  Several vendors sell X servers which can be used to speed up X on your  
UnixWare system.  Typically, these vendors will also sell you drivers for  
specific cards as well.  A partial list of such vendors follows:

  Quarterdeck Office Systems' Hyper-X
  150 Pico Boulevard
  Santa Monica, CA 90405
  (310) 392-9851
  (310) 314-4219 FAX
  hyperx@qdeck.com
  info@qdeck.com
  Call 800-354-3222 Extension 8G8 for special introductory offer

  Metrolink Metro-X
  2213 W. McNab Road
  Pompano Beach, FL 33069
  (305) 970-7353
  (305) 970-7351 FAX
  sales@metrolink.com

  Snitily Graphics Consulting Service (renamed/acquired-by X/Inside?)
  894 Brookgrove Lane
  Cupertino, CA 95014
  (408) 255-9665
  (800) 645-5501
  (408) 255-9740
  info@sgcs.com or ...!mips!zok!info

  Consensys Corporation
  1301 Pat Booker Rd.
  Universal City, TX 78148
  (800) 388-1896
  (416) 940-2903 FAX
  info@consensys.com
  (Consensys sells its own SVR4.2; I don't know 
   if their server is compatible with UnixWare)

There is also XFree86.  From David Wexelblat's 31 Oct 1993 announcement of  
the release of XFree86 2.0:

  XFree86 is a port of X11R5 that supports several versions of Intel-based
  Unix and Unix-like operating systems.  The XFree86 servers are derived
  from X386 1.2, which was the X server distributed with X11R5.  This
  release consists of many new features and performance improvements as well
  as many bug fixes.  The release is available as source patches against the
  MIT X11R5 code, as well as binary distributions for many architectures.

  Source patches based on X11R5 PL25, from MIT, and as an upgrade from
  XFree86 1.3 are available via anonymous FTP from:

       ftp.x.org (under /contrib/XFree86)
       ftp.physics.su.oz.au (under /XFree86)
       ftp.win.tue.nl (under /pub/XFree86)
       ftp.prz.tu-berlin.de (under /pub/pc/src/XFree86)

    Binaries are available via anonymous FTP from:
                ftp.physics.su.oz.au            - SVR4 binaries
                        under /XFree86/SVR4
                ftp.win.tue.nl                  - SVR4 binaries
                        under /pub/XFree86/SVR4
                ftp.tcp.com                     - SVR4 binaries
                        under /pub/SVR4/XFree86
                stasi.bradley.edu               - SVR4 binaries
                        under /pub/XFree86/SVR4

If you have access to Usenet news, see the newsgroup comp.windows.x.i386unix  
for ongoing discussions of XFree86 and other Intel/Unix/X solutions.

(Please note that XFree86 is NOT in the public domain, as I earlier stated  
erroneously.  It IS, however, freely available ath the ftp sites above.)

20) Are there alternatives for programmers to the UnixWare SDK?

Programmers on tight budgets might consider the Prime Time Freeware SDK for  
Intel SVR4.2, Issue 1-1, a "complete, stand-along development system" for  
UnixWare and similar Intel SVR4.2 Unix systems.  This is a Rock Ridge CD-ROM  
containing all the major GNU development tools (gcc, gdb, &c), X, InterViews,  
Tk and "much much more", plus a 100+ page user's guide.  Univel provided  
Prime Time with the necessary #include files and static C libraries to make  
this product a usable standalone system.

  Prime Time SDK for Intel SVR4.2, Issue 1-1
  ISBN 1-88 1957-12-8
  Steve Zwaska, Editor
  Prime Time Freeware
  370 Altair Way, #150
  Sunnyvale, CA 94086
  +1 408 433 9662 Voice
  +1 408 433 0727 FAX
  ptf@cfcl.com

20a) Can I buy a CD-ROM of freeware binaries precompiled for UnixWare?

Yes.  Look into the LEMIS Free Software CD-ROM for Unix System V 4.2, which  
includes "utility and development software, graphics demonstrations and  
X-based games.  All binaries are packaged in the standard pkgadd format..."

        LEMIS
        Lehey Microcomputer Systems
        Schellnhausen 2
        36325 Feldatal
        Germany
        +49-6637-1488
        +49-6637-1489 FAX
        Mail: lemis@lemis.de

Greg (Lehey) notes:

  "Please don't send orders via email - we need paper."

I have not yet seen a UnixWare CD-ROM from Ready-to-Run Software, a leading  
supplier of precompiled Unix freeware, but I suspect one is not long in  
coming.  Contact them at:

  Ready-to-Run Software, Inc.
  Rustic Trail
  Groton, MA 01450
  (508) 448-3959
  (508) 448-2989 FAX
  info@rtr.com

In Europe, Ready-to-Run products are available through:

  User Interface Technologies
  P.O. Box 145
  Cambridge, CB4 1GQ
  England
  +44 223 302 041
  +44 223 302 042
  info@uit.co.uk

21) Will UnixWare version 1.1 bundle Motif?

Evan Leibovitch (evan@telly.on.ca) writes:

``[Motif is] presently a separate add-on to the UnixWare SDK. It will likely
  be bundled with the 1.1 SDK ... Not sure about run-time libraries.''

22) How do I avoid problems programming with the ucb compatibility libraries?

A common problem programmers seem to have is linking the UCB
compatibility library (/usr/ucblib/libucb.a) with objects that
were not compiled with /usr/ucbinclude before /usr/include in
the include path.  Gordon W. Ross <gwr@mc.com> notes:

  I just wanted to mention here that most people I have helped with
  porting problems related to the dirent or directory libraries have
  caused their own problems by incorrectly using the UCB library.
  The directory(3) routines in the UCB library only work with the
  header files in /usr/ucbinclude so if you fail to put that in
  your include path and just link with -lucb you end up with
  seriously broken programs.  The stuff in /usr/ucbinclude/ and
  /usr/ucblib/ was meant to be used by /usr/ucb/cc only, and
  when used that way it (mostly) works.  I have usually found it
  easiest to just stay away from the UCB library entirely.
  I would advise others to do the same.  (The UCB library has
  well known problems in signal and some dbm functions.)

Robert Withrow (witr@rwwa.com) adds:

  In addition, checking the following things will almost always yield a
  working port for any reasonably ``well behaved program'':

  1 Replace bcopy et.al with the apropriate memcpy functions...

  #define bcopy(b1,b2,len) memmove((b2), (b1), (size_t)(len))
  #define bzero(b,len) memset((b), 0, (size_t)(len))
  #define bcmp(b1,b2,len) memcmp((b1), (b2), (size_t)(len))

  2 Replace index and rindex approprately:

  #define index(a,b) strchr((a),(b))
  #define rindex(a,b) strrchr((a),(b))

  3 Don't use the SVR4 library's signal() routine, since it doesn't
  work as posix and bsd signal() does.

  /* Reliable signals */
  /* This was taken from Stevens... */

  #include <signal.h>

  typedef void Sigfunc(int);

  Sigfunc *signal(int signo, Sigfunc *func)
  {
    struct sigaction act, oact;

    act.sa_handler = func;
    sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask);
    act.sa_flags = 0;
    if (signo != SIGALRM) {
      act.sa_flags |= SA_RESTART;
    }
    if (sigaction(signo, &act, &oact) < 0)
      return(SIG_ERR);
    return(oact.sa_handler);
  }

  4 Replace random with lrand

  #define random() lrand48()
  #define srandom(seed) srand48((seed))

  5 Replace the bsd readdir code with the Posix code (requires changing and
  include file and a declaration usually, but also perhaps a symbol with a 
  strlen.)

  6 Replace wait3 and wait4 with posix wait code.  This is complicated
  because some code *writes* into the values that posix only provides read 
  access to.

23) Where can I get Emacs?

John Angelo Gnassi (jgnassi@hstbme.mit.edu) answers your prayers:

``If you live and die by Emacs, trying to get a new system up
  without it is torture.  You don't have to.  There is a version,
  18.59.5, in binary format ready for anonymous ftp from
  ftp.univel.com:/pub/developer/emacs.UWbin.tar.Z.  A pristine 19.19
  will not compile directly with the standard tools (preprocessor and
  other problems), but more than a half dozen people have told me they
  had no problems compiling it with gcc.''

23a) Why can't I type in an "at sign" (@) at a command prompt?

  This is because, incredible though it may seem, UnixWare ships with
  the same terminal configuration tailored twenty-odd years ago for 
  ASR-33 teletypes.  '@' is thus the line-kill character.  Try putting
  the following line in your .profile (Bourne shell or Korn shell 
  users) or .cshrc (C shell users) file in your home directory:

    stty erase '^H' kill '^U' intr '^C'

  (Type these in just as you seem them; there's no need to try and
   enter the actual control characters, and many reasons not to anyway.)

  If you remotely log in to your UnixWare box from another system that
  places a "Delete" key at the upper right corner of the main keypad, you
  will have to execute the command

    stty erase '^?'

  to inform the shell that your current keyboard is slightly different.
  Otherwise, you may end up seeing things like "la^Hs: Command not found".

24) Why can't I access the CD-ROM drive after I've just installed from it?

Bill Rosenblatt writes:

This is a known bug that is supposed to be corrected for release 1.1.
There's a relatively simple workaround:

   1. Shut down your machine.
   2. Open the machine and remove the SCSI adapter card.
   3. Leave the cover off and reboot.  The system will print an error
      message, but it will come up.
   4. Shut down again.
   5. Replace the SCSI card and put the cover back on the machine.
   6. Reboot again.  The system will rebuild the kernel, which will
      take a few minutes.  Then it will tell you to reboot.  Do so.
   7. When the system comes up again, the CD-ROM should be accessible.

25) Why does my data comm package lose characters constantly at high speeds?

Bill Rosenblatt again:

   The odds are good that the problem is with the UART on your
   serial interface card.  If you have a relatively low-end PC,
   you probably have an old-style UART that interrupts the CPU after
   it receives every character.  Unix usually handles serial interrupts
   at a low level (lower than DOS does, for example), so it can't keep
   up if the speed is too high, usually above 9600bps.

   To fix this, you need to get a new UART, a 16550 UART that has
   a 16-byte buffer.  The 16540 UART, with a 2-byte buffer, may also
   be enough of an improvement.  If your UART isn't in a socket,
   then you will have to replace the entire card.  Luckily, these
   are not very expensive--about $40 for a single-port card or
   $70 for a standard PC multi-port card.

   Additionally, you need a device driver
   that knows how to take advantage of the UART's buffering.  
   UnixWare has such a device driver (asyhp), but the current version is
   known to be flaky.  Novell should have a fix for this available on
   gateway.univel.com before 1.1 comes out.  In any case, here's
   what you need to do to enable the driver, courtesy of Joao Costa
   (jcosta@quimic.pt):
   
   Just go to /etc/conf/sdevice.d, edit asyhp and turn N to Y for
   the ports you want, then edit asyc and turn Y to N on those ports.
   Rebuild the kernel and, when the new kernel boots, you'll have a status
   message about your 16550 ports.

26) How can I make or get an emergency boot floppy?

Rick Richardson of DigiBoard (rick@digibd.com) has put together a mini-FAQ  
list on the much-desired emergency boot floppy:

    What is it?
	An emergency boot floppy (EBF) allows you to boot UnixWare off
	a floppy disk, with a minimal set of commands available to you.
	If possible, the EBF will mount the hard disk partition and let
	you recover any data that may be on the partition, or fix important
	files (such as /etc/passwd) that you might have lost or corrupted.
	An EBF avoids the tedious procedure of having to reload Unix in
	these cases.

	Every System Administrator should have an EBF in their possession.

    Where can I get it?
	Novell does have an EBF, however, getting an EBF is not as easy as
	it should be.  You cannot get an EBF via ftp from the internet,
	and one is not shipped with every copy of UnixWare.

    Why is this?
	There is a mistaken belief at Novell that the EBF is a security
	hole.  In reality, allowing unsupervised boot access to a PC's
	floppy disk drive is the real security hole.  Anyone with a bootable
	copy of The Norton Utilities could bypass security.  The EBF is
	not a security hole, and it is foolish to limit its availability.

    So, how can get the EBF, despite Novell's position?
	The way I found out about and got the EBF was in an actual
	emergency situation.  UnixWare hung in the vxfs fsck sequence,
	and I thought I was doomed to re-install UnixWare.  I called
	Novell's tech support department and told them what the situation
	was. They told me about the EBF, and mailed me a copy.

	I have no idea if the same procedure will get you an EBF.
	It worked for me.  I suppose that if every sysadmin and
	reseller started calling Novell, they'd have to put the
	EBF on the Internet, or include it with every copy of the
	Application Server.  Hypothetically speaking, of course.

    Why don't you just put a copy of the EBF on the internet for us?
	Normally I would, but Novell explicity asked me not to give
	out copies, for the mistaken reason detailed above.  I have
	to honor their wishes, since they own the Copyright on the EBF.

27) How do I set a dialup password on UnixWare for a specific port?

Andrew Josey of Unix Systems Labs Europe (a.josey@uel.co.uk) provides the  
following guide:

  Two files must be created in the /etc directory, and for ease of
  use you can add a user (say called dialup).

  (1) /etc/d_passwd
  ------------------

  This is the dialup password file.

  # ls -l /etc/d_passwd
  -rw-------   1 root     root          70 May 13 07:44 /etc/d_passwd
  #

  This contains entries for login shells (uucico,ksh and sh).
  Usually there is no additional password for uucico.
  Interactive logins (ksh, and sh) have passwords.

  The encrypted password must be put in the file, note spaces and position
  of the colon delimiters are critical.

  # cat /etc/d_passwd
  /usr/lib/uucp/uucico::
  /usr/bin/ksh:66NOJGfJw4I.A:
  /usr/bin/sh:66NOJGfJw4I.A:
  #

  (2) /etc/dialups
  -----------------
  The second file /etc/dialups dictates which devices are
  to have the dialup password prompt

  # cat /etc/dialups
  /dev/tty00
  /dev/tty01h


  (3) Setting the password
  ------------------------
  To set the password, I have a login entry for a user dialup (this 
  just executes date as the login shell).

  Thus on the day to change the password

    i)

    # passwd dialup
    New password:
    Re-enter new password:
    #

    ii)

    # grep dialup /etc/shadow|cut -f2 -d":" >>/etc/d_passwd

    This appends the new dialup onto the end of the d_passwd file.

    iii)

    Edit the file with vi to place the new encrypted password
    in the appropriate fields marked XXXX below:

    /usr/lib/uucp/uucico::
    /usr/bin/ksh:XXXX:
    /usr/bin/sh:XXXX:

28) How do I configure electronic mail on UnixWare?

From another machine that is already properly connected for email, send a  
message to Andrew Josey's mail server at USL Europe to receive some hints:

  mail-server@uel.co.uk

The message body should be:

  begin
  reply <your-email-address>
  send HINTS/MAIL/README
  end

where, of course, you have substituted your actual email address for  
"<your-email-address>".

29) Can DOS NetWare users log in to a UnixWare box via IPX?

Yes.  Dave W. of Novell explains the NetWare Virtual Terminal:

  [NVT] is a method for a DOS user to communicate via IPX to a
  UnixWare machine.  You load a TSR on the dos box that redirects
  int14 or int6b (serial communications) over an NVT protocol to the
  UnixWare machine who establishes a login session.  With the TSR
  loaded, you run a terminal emulator that uses the standard bios
  interrupts (rather than going straight to the hardware) and you've
  got a connection.  There are some terminal packages that support
  NVT directly (without the TSR)
  For example: Rational Data Systems - PopTerm.

30) How can I compile X clients without a complete X11 source tree?

Pat Campbell of Novell USG writes:

  To compile most if not all X clients WITHOUT a complete X tree
  use: 
      imake -I/usr/X/lib/config -DUseInstalled
            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
      Not necessary if you have set IMAKEINCLUDE environment variable.

  The "-DUseInstalled" directs imake to use the installed include
  and library files. 

  Special note for motif applications:  

  You will need three more libraries, -lXm -lXIM -lgen, during 
  the link stage.  I prepend them to the following variables
  within the Imakefile like this.

               LOCAL_LIBRARIES = -lXm -lXIM [ whatever was already here ]
               SYS_LIBRARIES = -lgen [ whatever was already here ] 

  This is a working solution, not necessarily the correct/elegant solution  
:-)

---
Trademarks

Unix is a registered trademark, licensed exclusively by X/Open Co., Ltd.
Novell, NetWare and UnixWare are trademarks of Novell, Inc.
-- 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Jim Vlcek                Information Foundation UnixWare ($166; sales@if.com)
uunet!molly!vlcek                + PrimeTime Freeware SDK ($60, ptf@cfcl.com)
Beautiful downtown St. Paul          = A better NT than NT (costs less, too!)