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Archive-name: games/chess/gnu-faq
Version: $Id: FAQ.html,v 1.106 1998/09/28 18:03:31 mann Exp $
Posting-frequency: monthly

GNU Chess and XBoard:
Frequently Asked Questions

Here is the list of frequently asked questions and answers for the
gnu.chess newsgroup, covering the chess-playing program GNU Chess, the
chess interfaces XBoard and WinBoard, and a few other chess topics. In
addition to the plain text version that is posted to the newsgroups, a
hyperlinked version of this FAQ is available on the Web through the page
http://www.research.digital.com/SRC/personal/Tim_Mann/chess.html .
_______________________________________________________________________

Outline

   * [A] Introduction and hot topics
   * [B] GNU Chess
   * [C] GNU Chess, bugs and problems
   * [D] XBoard and WinBoard
   * [E] XBoard and WinBoard, bugs and problems
   * [F] Crafty and other topics
_______________________________________________________________________

Detailed contents

   * [A] Introduction and hot topics
        * [A.1] What are the gnu.chess newsgroup and info-gnu-chess
          mailing list for?
        * [A.2] How do I subscribe or unsubscribe?
        * [A.3] Where can I get chess information and chess software?
        * [A.4] What are the current version numbers for GNU Chess,
          XBoard, etc.?
        * [A.5] Who is working on this project?
        * [A.6] How do I report bugs, offer help, etc.?
   * [B] GNU Chess
        * [B.1] What is GNU Chess?
        * [B.2] What is GNU Chess's rating?
        * [B.3] Does GNU Chess run on a PC under DOS (or Windows, or
          OS/2)?
        * [B.4] Does GNU Chess run on an Amiga?
        * [B.5] Does GNU Chess run on a Macintosh?
        * [B.6] Does GNU Chess run on VMS?
        * [B.7] Does GNU Chess run on the Acorn Archimedes?
        * [B.8] Does GNU Chess run on Atari computers?
        * [B.9] How do I build GNU Chess? Do I have to have gcc?
   * [C] GNU Chess, bugs and problems
        * [C.1] XBoard tells me "Error: first chess program (gnuchessx)
          exited unexpectedly".
        * [C.2] GNU Chess lets its flag fall a move or two before the
          time control.
        * [C.3] GNU Chess freezes after it gets out of its opening book.
        * [C.4] GNU Chess sometimes tells me that a legal move is
          illegal.
        * [C.5] GNU Chess crashes when I try to compile and run it on
          the DEC Alpha.
        * [C.6] Running (or building) GNU Chess fails with a message
          about FIONREAD.
        * [C.7] GNU Chess runs way too slow and makes my disk seek
          wildly.
   * [D] XBoard and WinBoard
        * [D.1] What is XBoard?
        * [D.2] Is there an XBoard for Microsoft Windows? What is
          WinBoard? How do I install WinBoard?
        * [D.3] Is there an XBoard for the Amiga? What is AmyBoard?
        * [D.4] Is there an XBoard for the Macintosh?
        * [D.5] Does XBoard run on VMS?
        * [D.6] What is cmail?
        * [D.7] How do I build XBoard? Do I have to have gcc?
        * [D.8] Can I use XBoard to play a game of chess with another
          human?
        * [D.9] Will WinBoard run on Windows 3.1?
        * [D.10] How do I use XBoard or WinBoard as an external viewer
          for PGN files with my Web browser?
        * [D.11] How do I use WinBoard as an external viewer for PGN
          files with the MS Windows File Manager or Explorer?
        * [D.12] How do I use ICC timestamp or FICS timeseal with
          XBoard?
        * [D.13] How do I use ICC timestamp or FICS timeseal with
          WinBoard?
        * [D.14] How do I play bughouse with XBoard or WinBoard?
        * [D.15] How can I scroll back in the WinBoard console?
        * [D.16] What is Zippy? How can I interface a chess program to
          the Internet Chess Servers?
        * [D.17] How can I interface my own chess program to XBoard or
          WinBoard?
        * [D.18] How can I recompile WinBoard from source?
   * [E] XBoard and WinBoard, bugs and problems
        * [E.1] I can't build XBoard because the X11/Xaw/... include
          files are not found.
        * [E.2] Configuring or building XBoard fails due to missing
          header files, missing libraries, or undefined symbols.
        * [E.3] I have problems using WinBoard on ICS with a modem. I'm
          not running SLIP or PPP, but just dialing in to an ordinary
          login account ("shell account").
        * [E.4] I have problems using WinBoard on ICS with Windows 95
          and SLIP or PPP. When trying to start up, it gets the error
          "Address family not supported by protocol family" (or some
          equally strange message).
        * [E.5] When I try to run WinBoard, I get the message "Failed to
          start chess program gnuchesx on localhost: NO LANGFILE (file
          gnuchess.lang not found)".
        * [E.6] I want to use XBoard or WinBoard as an Internet Chess
          Server interface, but the ICS Client option is grayed out on
          the menu.
        * [E.7] How do I give command-line options to a Windows program
          like WinBoard?
        * [E.8] When I try to log in to ICC using timestamp (or to FICS
          using timeseal) with XBoard, it accepts my handle, but just
          beeps at me when I type my password.
        * [E.9] When I exit from WinBoard after using it to play against
          GNU Chess or Crafty, the chess program keeps running in the
          background.
        * [E.10] When running WinBoard, I get the message "Error getting
          user name: The operation being requested was not performed
          because user has not logged on to the network."
        * [E.11] WinBoard crashes Windows 95!
        * [E.12] Why do my ICS opponents often get extra time after they
          make their moves? Why do I sometimes lose time off my clock
          after I make my move?
   * [F] Crafty and other topics
        * [F.1] What is XChess?
        * [F.2] What is Winsock Chess?
        * [F.3] What is Crafty?
        * [F.4] How do I use Crafty with XBoard?
        * [F.5] How do I use Crafty with WinBoard?
_______________________________________________________________________

[A] Introduction and hot topics

_______________________________________________________________________

[A.1] What are the gnu.chess newsgroup and info-gnu-chess mailing list
for?

The newsgroup gnu.chess and the mailing list
info-gnu-chess@prep.ai.mit.edu are for the discussion of GNU Chess,
XBoard, and related free chess software.

gnu.chess and info-gnu-chess are not for general chess or computer chess
discussion. You won't be flamed if you post such messages here, but you
will find more information in other places. See topic [A.3] below.

PLEASE DO NOT try to start or play chess games by posting messages to
gnu.chess. Instead, read the rec.games.chess FAQ (see topic [A.3] ) to
learn about the IECG, the IECC, and other groups that you can join to
find opponents, and send one or more of them email to join.

The newsgroup and mailing list are gatewayed bidirectionally; that is,
any article posted on the newsgroup is automatically forwarded to the
mailing list, and any mail sent to the list is automatically forwarded
to the newsgroup.
_______________________________________________________________________

[A.2] How do I subscribe or unsubscribe?

The simplest way is to either choose to read gnu.chess in your
newsreader, or choose not to.

If you want to be added to or deleted from the mailing list, mail to
info-gnu-chess-request@prep.ai.mit.edu (not to the list or newsgroup
itself).
_______________________________________________________________________

[A.3] Where can I get chess information and chess software?

As a shortcut to most things mentioned in this FAQ, try my Chess Web
page, http://www.research.digital.com/SRC/personal/Tim_Mann/chess.html .
My Web page is the best place to get the latest versions of XBoard and
WinBoard and the most up-to-date version of this FAQ.

For general news and information about chess, try the newsgroup
hierarchy rec.games.chess.*, especially the groups rec.games.chess.misc
and rec.games.chess.computer. Both of the latter groups have very
informative FAQs maintained by Steve Pribut; look for them on the
newsgroups or at http://www.clark.net/pub/pribut/chess.html .

Like other GNU software, you can get GNU Chess and XBoard by anonymous
FTP from ftp://prep.ai.mit.edu/pub/gnu/ and its many mirror sites. Look
for files matching the patterns gnuchess-*.gz and xboard-*.gz. The .gz
suffix indicates the files were compressed with gzip. You can get gzip
from prep.ai.mit.edu also. The GNU FTP sites generally carry
Unix-compatible versions of GNU software only, so you won't find
WinBoard there; get it from my Web page (above) or from the Internet
Chess Library (next paragraph).

For other chess software, try the Internet Chess Library. Use anonymous
FTP to connect to ftp.freechess.org, or go to the Web page
http://www.freechess.org/ . You can get chess software, game
collections, the FAQ file for rec.games.chess, and other chess-related
material there, in the directory pub/chess. The FTP server can
automatically decompress files for you as you download them, useful if
you don't have gzip.

Here is a sample anonymous ftp session. Some of the ftp server's
responses are abbreviated, but all the commands you must type are
included.

% ftp prep.ai.mit.edu
Connected to prep.ai.mit.edu
Name: anonymous
Password: your-email-address@your-site
ftp> binary
200 Type set to I.
ftp> cd /pub/gnu
250 CWD command successful.
ftp> dir gnuchess-*.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 14910 wheel 1512181 May 20 00:52 gnuchess-4.0.pl79.tar.gz
ftp> get gnuchess-4.0.pl79.tar.gz
150 BINARY connection for gnuchess-4.0.pl79.tar.gz (1512181 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
ftp> dir xboard-*.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 14910 wheel  393119 May 20 00:25 xboard-4.0.0.tar.gz
ftp> get xboard-4.0.0.tar.gz
150 BINARY connection for xboard-4.0.0.tar.gz (393119 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
ftp> quit

_______________________________________________________________________

[A.4] What are the current version numbers for GNU Chess, XBoard, etc.?

At this writing, the current version numbers are:
   * GNU Chess 4.0.79
   * GNU Chess 4.14 for Windows
   * GNU Chess Mac 4.0b5
   * XBoard 4.0.0
   * WinBoard 4.0.0
_______________________________________________________________________

[A.5] Who is working on this project?

Stuart Cracraft is the GNU Chess project coordinator. Currently no one
seems to be working on the GNU Chess engine itself. Conor McCarthy is
responsible for GNU Chess 4.xx for Windows. Tim Mann maintains this FAQ
and is the lead developer on XBoard and WinBoard, but he has little time
to spend on the project. Evan Welsh, the author of cmail, is not
actively working on it but does fix bugs when they are reported.
_______________________________________________________________________

[A.6] How do I report bugs, offer help, etc.?

Any time you want to report a possible bug in GNU Chess, XBoard, etc.,
we need to know exactly what you did, and exactly what error (or other)
messages you got.

If you are using Unix, run the "script" program, run XBoard with the
-debug flag (if you get as far as running it), do whatever is necessary
to reproduce the problem, type "exit" to the shell, and mail us the
resulting typescript file. We also need to know what hardware/operating
system combination you are using. The command "uname -a" will usually
tell you this; include its output in your typescript.

If you are using MS Windows, run WinBoard with the -debug flag, and send
us a copy of the WinBoard.debug file. If you aren't sure how to add
command-line flags to WinBoard, you can hit Ctrl+Alt+F12 to create a
WinBoard.debug file after WinBoard starts, but that is not as good,
because a few messages that would have been printed at the start are
lost.

Either way, please send us the exact text of the commands you typed and
the output you got, not just your recollection of approximately what
they were. The messages may seem meaningless to you, but they are very
meaningful to us and essential for diagnosing problems.

You should be able to contact all the members of the project by sending
mail to bug-gnu-chess@prep.ai.mit.edu. If you don't trust this list, you
can send mail about XBoard, WinBoard, or the FAQ to mann@pa.dec.com (Tim
Mann); mail about cmail to R.E.Welsh@quadstone.co.uk (Evan Welsh).
Comments that are of interest to all users of the software should be
posted to the gnu.chess newsgroup.
_______________________________________________________________________

[B] GNU Chess

_______________________________________________________________________

[B.1] What is GNU Chess?

GNU Chess is a free chess-playing program developed as part of the GNU
project of the Free Software Foundation (FSF).

GNU Chess is a communal chess program. Contributors donate their time
and effort in order to make it a stronger, better, sleeker program.
Contributions take many forms: interfaces to high-resolution displays,
opening book treatises, speedups of the underlying algorithms, additions
of extra heuristics. These contributions are then distributed to the
large user-base so that all may enjoy the fruits of our labor.

GNU Chess is intended to run under Unix or Unix-compatible systems. It
is written in C and should be portable to other systems.

For a test drive, try WebChess, a World Wide Web interface to GNU Chess
provided by DJ Delorie. The URL is
http://www.delorie.com/game-room/chess/ .
_______________________________________________________________________

[B.2] What is GNU Chess's rating?

It would be irresponsible to answer this question with a number, without
first explaining a few things about ratings.

The ratings that are commonly given for computer chess players are less
meaningful than they may seem. Most computer chess players (including
GNU Chess) do not play in tournaments against humans, or do so only
rarely, so they do not have official ratings from FIDE, USCF, or other
chess organizations.

Some people have methods for rating chess programs approximately by
giving them a set of problems to work on and seeing how they do, or by
having them play tournaments against each other. Any rating number
produced by such means should be taken with a grain of salt; it may be
only a rough approximation to the rating the program would achieve in
over-the-board tournament competition against humans. The chess skills
required for solving problems or playing against other computers are not
necessarily the same as those required for play against humans. Also, of
course, tournaments among computers can rate the computers only relative
to one another, not relative to humans. Some of the computers need to be
rated by other means to give the ratings a basis to start from.

Compared with human players, computer players are strong tactically but
weak strategically, and are much better at blitz chess than at slow
chess. These differences make it more difficult to assign a meaningful
rating too.

Several computers do play regularly on the Internet chess servers and
have achieved ratings there. These ratings have the advantage of being
based on many games. On the other hand, ICS ratings are only roughly
comparable to USCF or FIDE ratings. Many players have ICS ratings that
are hundreds of points higher or lower than their USCF or FIDE ratings.

Finally, unlike dedicated chess machines, or PC chess programs that run
on only a few different models of Intel processors, GNU Chess runs on
many different kinds of CPU at many different speeds. Thus its strength
depends on how fast a machine you run it on and how much optimization
your C compiler does. Some people have formulas for estimating how a
computer player's rating varies on faster or slower machines---see the
rec.games.chess FAQ for more information---but these need to be taken
with a grain of salt too.

All that said, here are some numbers.

- On the Internet Chess Club, a copy of GNU Chess running on an SGI Onyx
R4400 under the handle MaxII once achieved a blitz rating of over 2500
and a standard rating of over 2300. Current ICC and FICS ratings for
computers using GNU Chess tend to be a good deal lower.

- Wolfgang Gabriel ran the Bednorz-Toennissen Test BT2630 with GNU Chess
4.0 pl74 on a 60 MHz Pentium with 16 MB of RAM. The test gave an
estimated rating of 2213. He also ran Fritz-2 on the same hardware and
got an estimated rating of 2311.
_______________________________________________________________________

[B.3] Does GNU Chess run on a PC under DOS (or Windows, or OS/2)?

Yes. There are several versions available.

WinBoard provides a graphical user interface to GNU Chess that runs on
Windows 95 and Windows NT. See topic [D.2] . The WinBoard distribution
includes a GNU Chess executable for the Intel architecture, plus
instructions and patches (when necessary) for recompiling GNU Chess from
the official sources, available separately.

GNU Chess 4.xx for Windows bundles GNU Chess and a custom graphical
interface into a single program. Unlike WinBoard, it runs on Windows 3.1
if you have the Win32s compatibility package installed (available free
from Microsoft). You can get GNU Chess 4.xx for Windows from
ftp://prep.ai.mit.edu/pub/gnu/ , filename currently gnuchessPC-4.14.zip.
The distribution includes complete sources and an Intel executable. If
you need Win32s, you can get it from
ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/PW1118.EXE .

The standard GNU Chess 4.0 distribution can be compiled for MS-DOS, and
will run under Windows in a DOS box, but with no graphical interface.
Depending on what patchlevel of GNU Chess you get and what C compiler
you have, you may need to make minor source changes to get it to
compile. Some precompiled versions are available in the Internet Chess
Library; the most recent at this writing is:
ftp://ftp.freechess.org/pub/chess/DOS/gch4077.zip .

Here is a listing of GNU Chess files for the PC in the Internet Chess
Library (topic [A.3] ). They are scattered among the directories
/pub/chess/Win3, /pub/chess/DOS, and (don't forget)
/pub/chess/DOS/OLD-STUFF. This listing may be outdated; see the library
itself to look for additions.

MS-DOS:
  gch4077.zip       497874  GNU Chess 4.0.pl77 for MS-DOS; needs 386 or better.
  gnu40-62.exe     1323260  Probably GNU Chess 4.0.pl62 for MS-DOS
  gnu40dos.exe T    317072  GNU Chess 4.0pl60 by Free Software Foundation
                         -  compiled for DOS, executables only
  gnu40src.exe      307786  GNU Chess 4.0pl60 by Free Software Foundation
                         -  sources only
  gnuchs31.exe T    270559  GNU Chess 3.1 by Free Software Foundation
                         -  compiled for DOS, sources and executables
  gnuchs40.exe T    355494  GNU Chess 4.0pl60 by Free Software Foundation
                         -  compiled for 80386er, executables only

Windows:
  chess321.exe W  M 238185  GNU Chess 3.21 ported by Daryl K. Baker

OS/2:
  gpl65os2.zip      677824  gnuchess-4.0.pl65 compiled for os2.
  gc-os2-m.zip      578032  gnuchess 4.0 for os2 with mouse support.
  gnu40os2.zip     1303602  Executables for running gnuchess 4.0 pl62
                         -  under OS/2. 
  pmchs.exe    W  M  92004  OS/2 PM Chess 1.01 (GNU Chess 3.1 Windows by
                         -  Daryl K. Baker) port to OS/2 by Kent Cedola
  pmchssrc.exe      110279  OS/2 PM Chess 1.01 (GNU Chess 3.1 Windows by
                         -  Daryl K. Baker) sources only

Porting GNU software to PCs is not a major focus of the GNU project, and
these ports are not supported by the FSF. Contact the people who did the
ports if you have questions or problems.
_______________________________________________________________________

[B.4] Does GNU Chess run on an Amiga?

There are at least three ports of GNU Chess to the Amiga. As with the PC
ports, these ports are not supported by the FSF; contact the people who
did the ports if you have problems or questions.

The AmyBoard port (probably the best) is discussed in topic [D.3] .

UChess and AmigaGnuChess are available in the Internet Chess Library
(topic [A.3] ), in the directory /pub/chess/Amiga. UChess is the newer
of the two.

-r--r--r--  1 chess    chess   204025 Mar 31  1993 AmigaGnuChess.lha
-r--r--r--  1 chess    chess    10122 Mar 31  1993 AmigaGnuChess.readme

-r--r--r--  1 chess    chess   705327 May  7 10:28 UChess283.lha
-r--r--r--  1 chess    chess    21478 May  7 10:26 UChess283.readme
-r--r--r--  1 chess    chess   199387 May  7 10:27 UChess283Patch.lha
-r--r--r--  1 chess    chess    21589 May  7 10:26 UChess283Patch.readme

_______________________________________________________________________

[B.5] Does GNU Chess run on a Macintosh?

There is a port of GNU Chess 4.0 to the Macintosh. It's available from
the Internet Chess Library (topic [A.3] ) under /pub/chess/Macintosh or
/pub/chess/uploads/Macintosh, in the following files:

    GnuChessMac40b5.hqx  - executable binary
    GCMsource40b5.hqx    - source

As with the PC ports, the Macintosh port is not supported by the Free
Software Foundation. If you have questions or problems, contact Dan
Oetting, oetting@gldfs.cr.usgs.gov.

If you have the old Mac port of GNU Chess 3.0, be sure to get 4.0
instead. GNU Chess has come a long way since version 3.0!
_______________________________________________________________________

[B.6] Does GNU Chess run on VMS?

An old VAX VMS version is available at ada.cenaath.cena.dgac.fr in the
[.VMS] directory:

Directory CENA10:[ANONYMOUS.VMS]

GNUCHESS.ZIP;1                     307  21-MAR-1994 18:42:05.13

It's only a character cell version for VT100, VT200, etc. terminals.
Thanks to Patrick Moreau for this information.
_______________________________________________________________________

[B.7] Does GNU Chess run on the Acorn Archimedes?

Steve Dicks (steve@starswan.demon.co.uk) tells us:

     You might like to know that I have recently successfully
     completed a port of GNU Chess 4.0.pl75 to the Acorn
     Archimedes, and I have written my own graphical front-end to
     it called ArcBoard (current version 0.05). It is currently
     available from ftp://ftp.demon.co.uk/pub/archimedes/games/ .

_______________________________________________________________________

[B.8] Does GNU Chess run on Atari computers?

Yves Debilloez (101361.2061@CompuServe.COM or yde@ficsgrp.com) tells us:

     There is a version of GNU chess for Atari available. It can be
     downloaded from my homepage:
     http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/yves_debilloez/homepage.htm
     .

_______________________________________________________________________

[B.9] How do I build GNU Chess? Do I need gcc?

The first step to building GNU Chess is to get the distribution file and
unpack it. See topic [A.3] for places you can ftp the distribution from.

To unpack the gnuchess distribution, gnuchess-*.tar.gz, put it into a
new, empty directory, cd there, and give this Unix command:

    gzip -cd gnuchess-*.tar.gz | tar -xvf -

If this command fails because you don't have gzip, see topic [A.3] , and
ask a local Unix expert if you need more help.

The above command will unpack all the files into a new directory. Next,
cd into this new directory.

Decide what directory tree you are going to install GNU Chess in. The
default is /usr/local. If you have write access to this directory tree,
make sure that it contains subdirectories bin, lib, and man. (If you
must "su" to get write access to /usr/local, you don't need to do so
until just before the "make install" below.) Type the following:

    configure
    make
    make install

If you are going to install GNU Chess under your home directory for
personal use, do this instead:

    mkdir $HOME/bin $HOME/lib $HOME/man
    configure --prefix=$HOME
    make
    make install

If you have problems or special requirements, see the files README,
INSTALL, Makefile.in, and configure.in for more information.

You don't need to have gcc to build GNU Chess. However, GNU Chess is
written in ANSI C. If you have only an old K&R C compiler, be sure you
have the current patchlevel of GNU Chess, and get "unproto" by:

Wietse Venema
wietse@wzv.win.tue.nl
Mathematics and Computing Science
Eindhoven University of Technology
The Netherlands

It was released in comp.sources.misc Vol 27 with patches in vol 28 and
vol 38. Among other places, it can be found on unix.hensa.ac.uk in
pub/uunet/usenet/comp.sources.misc/volume27/unproto.

Compile it and copy the cpp it produces into the gnuchess src directory
before you type "make" there.
_______________________________________________________________________

[C] GNU Chess, bugs and problems

_______________________________________________________________________

[C.1] XBoard tells me "Error: first chess program (gnuchessx) exited
unexpectedly".

Try running XBoard again with the "-debug" flag on the command line.
This will print out all the messages received from GNU Chess.

If you see this problem as soon as GNU Chess starts up, most likely GNU
Chess is exiting with an error message. If you see the message "NO
LANGFILE", it means that you did not install GNU Chess correctly, and it
is unable to find the file gnuchess.lang. Make sure that you defined
LIBDIR in the gnuchess Makefile, and that gnuchess.lang is in that
directory. If gnuchess.lang is not there, you probably didn't type "make
install" in the gnuchess src directory; you must do this to install
gnuchess.lang (and the gnuchess book). If you defined LIBDIR to
something that is not an absolute pathname (that is, to something that
does not start with a "/"), GNU Chess will work only if you run it from
the GNU Chess "src" directory where you built it.

If the problem happens while GNU Chess is running, you may have hit a
GNU Chess bug. There used to be a bug that could corrupt the stack and
cause the program to exit, sometimes with a nonsensical message first,
sometimes with no message. It was especially evident on Linux. We
believe this bug is fixed in GNU Chess 4.0.pl77 and later.
_______________________________________________________________________

[C.2] GNU Chess lets its flag fall a move or two before the time
control.

GNU Chess is known to be a bit too aggressive in using its clock time
and sometimes lets its flag fall. Some bugs that caused this symptom
have been fixed, but more work on the problem may be needed.
_______________________________________________________________________

[C.3] GNU Chess freezes after it gets out of its opening book.

a) First, be sure you have the latest versions of GNU Chess (and XBoard
or WinBoard, if you are using them); see topic [A.4] above. Several
different bugs that could cause this symptom existed in old versions but
have been fixed in the latest ones.

b) Another possibility is that you have a persistent transposition table
(hashfile) that has been corrupted. Look in the LIBDIR directory you
defined in the GNU Chess Makefile, and if you find a file named
gnuchess.hash there, remove it. Do not use the hashfile if you are
running multiple copies of GNU Chess at the same time (for instance,
with Two Machines mode in XBoard). In fact, it is probably best not to
use the hashfile under any circumstances.
_______________________________________________________________________

[C.4] GNU Chess sometimes tells me that a legal move is illegal.

See topic [C.3] ; the same answer applies.
_______________________________________________________________________

[C.5] GNU Chess crashes when I try to compile and run it on the DEC
Alpha.

Get the latest version of GNU Chess. Some bugs that showed up only on
the Alpha are fixed in version 4.0 patchlevel 73 and later. If you still
have problems, try compiling with the -migrate flag or the -O1 flag.
Some older versions of the Alpha C compiler have optimizer bugs that
affect GNU Chess.
_______________________________________________________________________

[C.6] Running (or building) GNU Chess fails with a message about
FIONREAD.

The message looks something like this:

    FIONREAD: Operation not supported on socket
    You probably have a non-ANSI ioctl.h; see README. -1 45 4004787f

If you are using gcc to compile, the solution to this error message is
usually to go to the GNU Chess Makefile, find the line that starts
"CFLAGS=" (with no # character in front of it), and append the flag
"-traditional-cpp" to the end of the line. Then do

    rm dspcom*.o gnuan.o
    make
    make install

to rebuild gnuchess.

If you aren't using gcc, we don't really understand why this should
happen, but we do have a brute-force workaround: You can simply disable
the gnuchess feature that uses FIONREAD. Find all the places in dspcom.c
(and gnuan.c) where the line "#ifdef FIONREAD" occurs. Change each of
them to "#ifdef NOTDEF". Then recompile gnuchess.

With this code disabled, if you tell gnuchess to think on your time
("hard" mode), you will have to type ^C to make it stop thinking when
you want to make your move. The current version of XBoard does this
automatically, so disabling the code has no effect on XBoard.
_______________________________________________________________________

[C.7] GNU Chess runs way too slow and makes my disk seek wildly.

This happens if you don't have enough real memory (RAM) to run GNU
Chess. You may need 16MB or more. You can reduce GNU Chess's memory
requirements by reconfiguring it, or just buy more memory. Some (rather
out of date) suggestions are in the file doc/PORTING from the GNU Chess
source tree.

The following is from Nikhil Nair:

     It is perfectly possible to run gnuchess on an 8Mb system. I
     would suggest that you don't edit the source (though the
     defaults are the definitions of ttblsz or something like that
     in src/ttable.h and DEFETABS in src/gnuchess.h), but rather
     use the -C and -T command-line options (which even work for
     gnuan, though not documented in the manpage). The defaults are
     `-C 18001 -T 150001' (for MS-DOS, -T 8001). On my Linux
     system, this uses just over 9Mb. From memory, `-C 6001 -T
     40001' uses around 3Mb. Fiddle with these and see what results
     you get.

Why does GNU Chess use so much memory? The extra memory lets it keep
large hash tables that speed up its search and make it play better, and
a large on-line book that improves opening play. If you have lots of
memory you may want to reconfigure GNU Chess to use *more* than the
default amount.
_______________________________________________________________________

[D] XBoard and WinBoard

_______________________________________________________________________

[D.1] What is XBoard?

XBoard is a graphical user interface for chess. It displays a chessboard
on the screen, accepts moves made with the mouse, and loads and saves
games in Portable Game Notation (PGN). XBoard is free software. It
serves as a front-end for many different chess services, including:

Chess engines that will run on your machine and play a game against you
or help you analyze, such as GNU Chess (topic [B.1] above) and Crafty
(topic [F.3] below).

Chess servers on the Internet, where you can connect to play chess with
people from all over the world, watch other users play, or just hang out
and chat.

Correspondence chess played by electronic mail. The cmail program (topic
[D.6] below) automates the tasks of parsing email from your opponent,
playing his moves out on your board, and mailing your reply move after
you've chosen it.

The Web and your own saved games. You can use XBoard as a helper
application to view PGN games in your Web browser, or to load and save
your own PGN files.

XBoard runs under Unix or Unix-compatible systems. It requires the X
Window System, version X11R4 or later. There are also ports of XBoard to
Microsoft Win32 (that is, Windows NT or Windows 95) and to the Amiga.
See topics [D.2] and [D.3] respectively.
_______________________________________________________________________

[D.2] Is there an XBoard for Microsoft Windows? What is WinBoard? How do
I install WinBoard?

WinBoard is a port of XBoard to true Microsoft Win32 systems, such as
Windows NT and Windows 95. It uses the same back end chess code as
XBoard, but the front end graphics code is a complete rewrite. WinBoard
is free software.

The WinBoard distribution includes a port of GNU Chess itself to Win32.
The GNU Chess port is distributed in executable form, with instructions
for rebuilding it from the standard GNU Chess sources (available
separately). You should have at least 16 to 24 MB of memory to run GNU
Chess with WinBoard.

The WinBoard distribution also includes the ICC timestamp and FICS
timeseal programs (topic [D.12] ).

cmail (topic [D.6] ) has not been ported to Win32. All the other XBoard
functions are included in WinBoard.

You install WinBoard as follows. Download the WinBoard package to your
PC (see topic [A.3] ). It will be a file with a name like
winboard-4_0_0.exe. Double-click on this file in the Explorer or File
Manager to run it. Follow the on-screen prompts.
_______________________________________________________________________

[D.3] Is there an XBoard for the Amiga? What is AmyBoard?

AmyBoard is a port of XBoard to the Amiga, by Jochen Wiedmann. The
distribution includes a port of GNU Chess. AmyBoard is free software.

The current version of AmyBoard is 330.5 (based on XBoard 3.3.0). No one
is currently maintaining it.

System requirements:
   * An Amiga (obviously :-), running OS 2.04 or later, 2Mb RAM or more.
   * MUI 2.0 or later.
   * Workbench or another screen with no less than 640x400 pixels
     (adjustable with the MUI-Prefs); this restriction is just because
     we don't have bitmaps with less than 40x40 pixels per square. If
     someone contributes bitmaps with 20x20 or 20x25, they will work
     with any Hires mode.

If you would like to use an ICS, you need an Internet connection via
either
   * a telnet-like program, or
   * a terminal program reading from stdin and writing to stdout.

AmyBoard is available in the Internet Chess Library (topic [A.3] ).
_______________________________________________________________________

[D.4] Is there an XBoard for the Macintosh?

No. But porting XBoard to the Mac should not be much harder than porting
it to Win32 or the Amiga was. I can't do it because I don't have a Mac,
I don't know how to program Macs, and I don't have time. If you do, feel
free to give it a try! Send mail to me, mann@pa.dec.com (Tim Mann), if
you're working on this.
_______________________________________________________________________

[D.5] Does XBoard run on VMS?

No. This port would probably be a lot easier than the Win32 and Amiga
ports were, because VMS has the X Window system (under the name
DECwindows) and is now POSIX compliant. However, in spite of the fact
that I work for Digital, I don't know enough about VMS to do the port
myself. And I don't have time. If you do, give it a try! Send mail to
me, mann@pa.dec.com (Tim Mann), if you're working on this.
_______________________________________________________________________

[D.6] What is cmail?

cmail is a program that helps you play and keep track of electronic mail
correspondence chess games using XBoard. It is distributed with XBoard
and has its own manual page. cmail is free software.
_______________________________________________________________________

[D.7] How do I build XBoard? Do I need gcc?

The first step to building XBoard is to get the distribution file. See
topic [A.3] for places you can ftp the software from.

Next, decide what directory tree you are going to install XBoard in. The
default is /usr/local, but you probably don't have write access to that
directory unless you are a system administrator. If you do, type the
following to install it there:

    gzip -cd xboard-*.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
    cd xboard-*/
    configure
    make
    su
    make install

If you want to install xboard in your personal home directory
($HOME/bin), type this:

    gzip -cd xboard-*.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
    cd xboard-*/
    configure --prefix=$HOME
    make
    make install

If the first step above fails because you don't have gzip, see topic
[A.3] , and ask a local Unix expert if you need more help. If you have
any problems with the last two steps, read the READ_ME and INSTALL files
in the xboard-*/ directory. You will also find this FAQ there.

You don't need to have gcc to build XBoard, and your C compiler doesn't
have to be ANSI-compliant.
_______________________________________________________________________

[D.8] Can I use XBoard to play a game of chess with another human?

The only way for two humans on different machines to play chess in real
time using XBoard is to use an Internet Chess Server as an intermediary.
That is, each player runs his own copy of XBoard, both of them log into
an ICS, and they play a game there. Two copies of XBoard cannot
communicate with each other directly.

Instructions on how to get started with Internet chess are included with
the XBoard distribution. The network addresses included in the XBoard
distribution may not always be current. The oldest and largest ICS is
the Internet Chess Club at chessclub.com, which now has a fee for
registered use, but still allows free unregistered use. There are also
many newer sites with no fees, using the Free Internet Chess Server
implementation (FICS). Some current FICS sites are freechess.org (the
most active) and eics.daimi.aau.dk. On all these machines, the port
number to use is 5000.

Note: If you don't have network connectivity to any ICS site, you can
run your own server using the FICS code. You can get a copy by anonymous
ftp from the Internet Chess Library (topic [A.3] ). The code is changing
rapidly, so send mail to chess@freechess.org and/or log into the FICS
server at freechess.org and ask the administrators there for current
information.

The cmail program included with XBoard lets you play email postal games
with another human; see topic [D.6] .

Two humans can play chess on the same machine using one copy of XBoard
in Edit Game mode, but the clocks don't run in this mode, so it's of
limited usefulness.

See also topic [F.2] , Winsock Chess.
_______________________________________________________________________

[D.9] Will WinBoard run on Windows 3.1?

WinBoard does not run on Windows 3.1 or Windows for Workgroups 3.11, not
even with the Win32s compatibility package. The main problem is that
Win32s does not have threads or real concurrent processes. A port of
WinBoard to Windows 3.1 is possible in theory, but it would be difficult
and messy, and no one is going to do it.

WinBoard runs well on both Windows 95 and Windows NT.
_______________________________________________________________________

[D.10] How do I use XBoard or WinBoard as an external viewer for PGN
files with my Web browser?

1) On Unix systems:

- Add the following line to the file .mime.types in your home directory.
(Create the file if it doesn't exist already.)

    application/x-chess-pgn    pgn

- Add the following line to the file .mailcap in your home directory.
(Create the file if it doesn't exist already.)

    application/x-chess-pgn; xboard -ncp -lgf %s

- Exit from your Web browser and restart it.

2) On MS Windows systems:

The exact procedure depends on which Web browser you are using. The
current version of WinBoard automatically configures itself as your PGN
viewer for local files, Netscape 4.x, and Internet Explorer.

In Netscape 3.x, go to Options / General Preferences / Helpers, click
the button to make a new MIME type, and fill in the boxes:

  Mime type: application
  Mime subtype: x-chess-pgn
  Extension: pgn
  Application command line: "C:\Program Files\WinBoard\WinBoard" -ncp -lgf "%1"

Change the pathname for WinBoard if you installed it in a different
directory.

3) To confirm that your external viewer configuration is working, open
the following URL and click on any of the game names shown:
http://www.research.digital.com/SRC/personal/Tim_Mann/chess.html#PGN
_______________________________________________________________________

[D.11] How do I use WinBoard as an external viewer for PGN files with
the MS Windows File Manager or Explorer?

On Windows 95 and Windows NT 4.0, WinBoard does this automatically when
you install it. For the File Manager on Windows NT 3.51, etc., select
Associate from the File menu, enter "pgn" as the extension, and use the
Browse button to find your copy of WinBoard and set up the association.
_______________________________________________________________________

[D.12] How do I use ICC timestamp or FICS timeseal with XBoard?

First, be sure that you can connect using XBoard without
timestamp/timeseal. Second, be sure that you can connect using
timestamp/timeseal without XBoard. See the help files on ICC and FICS or
ask people online if you have problems.

If you are in a completely ordinary situation, where your machine is
directly on the Internet and you can connect to ICC or FICS without
timestamp/timeseal using just the command "xboard -ics" or "xboard -ics
-icshost freechess.org", change that command to one of the following:

    xboard -ics -icshost 206.215.211.44 -icshelper timestamp

    xboard -ics -icshost 164.58.253.13 -icshelper timeseal

If you have a firewall between your machine and the ICS, or if for any
reason you already have to use the -icscomm, -telnet, or -gateway option
to connect to ICS even when you are not running timestamp/timeseal, you
are going to have a harder time. The timestamp and timeseal protocols do
not work through firewalls, across serial lines, or across telnet
connections. You have to run the timestamp or timeseal program on a
machine that can make a direct TCP connection to the ICS. You may or may
not be permitted to do this, depending on your firewall's security
policy. See the section on FIREWALLS in the XBoard man page or info
file. In this configuration you are not protected against lag between
your machine and the firewall, or lag caused by heavy load on the
firewall itself from other users.

For further information, see the help files on ICC and FICS. Also see
topic [E.8] .
_______________________________________________________________________

[D.13] How do I use ICC timestamp or FICS timeseal with WinBoard?

If you select an ICS from either the WinBoard Startup dialog or the
Windows Start submenu that WinBoard installs, WinBoard automatically
runs timestamp or timeseal if the ICS you chose is known to support it.

If you are constructing a WinBoard command line by hand, add the option
"/icshelper timestamp" or "/icshelper timeseal" to the WinBoard command
line to use timestamp or timeseal. Both timestamp.exe and timeseal.exe
are included in the WinBoard distribution. They both function
identically to the Unix versions, as documented in "help timestamp" on
ICC and "help timeseal" on FICS.

If you normally have to use the "/icscomm" command line option on
WinBoard to log into a shell account, and then telnet to ICC or FICS
from there, you are going to have to run the Unix version of timestamp
or timeseal on the shell machine. (If the shell account is not on a Unix
machine, you are out of luck.) Get the appropriate version of timestamp
or timeseal onto the shell machine via FTP; see the help files on ICC
and FICS for instructions. Then simply run it when you would normally
run telnet. In this configuration you are not protected against lag
between your PC and the shell machine, or for lag caused by heavy load
on the shell machine itself from other users.

If you have a firewall between your machine and the ICS, you may have a
harder time. The timestamp and timeseal protocols do not work through
firewalls, across serial lines, or across telnet connections. You have
to run the timestamp or timeseal program on a machine that can make a
direct TCP connection to the ICS. You may or may not be permitted to do
this, depending on your firewall's security policy. See the section on
FIREWALLS in the WinBoard help file. In this configuration you are not
protected against lag between your PC and the firewall, or for lag
caused by heavy load on the firewall itself from other users.
_______________________________________________________________________

[D.14] How do I play bughouse with XBoard or WinBoard?

XBoard and WinBoard have simple but effective bughouse support. Offboard
piece holdings are shown in the board window's banner, and you drop
offboard pieces using the right mouse button. Press it over the
destination square to pop up a menu of pieces.

XBoard and WinBoard can display only one board at a time, but you can
observe your partner's game by running a second copy of the program and
logging in as a guest. (Unfortunately, this is not possible if you are
using the /icscomm option.) To observe your partner's games
automatically, use the "follow" or "pfollow" ICS command; see the ICS
online help for details.
_______________________________________________________________________

[D.15] How can I scroll back in the WinBoard console?

The current WinBoard release has consoles with scrollback! Get it.
_______________________________________________________________________

[D.16] What is Zippy? How can I interface a chess program to the
Internet Chess Servers?

Zippy is an interface that lets GNU Chess or Crafty act as a computer
player on an Internet Chess Server. Zippy is included in both the XBoard
and WinBoard distributions. It is implemented as a small amount of
additional code within XBoard or WinBoard. For documentation, see the
file zippy.README, included in both distributions or available from my
chess Web page,
http://www.research.digital.com/SRC/personal/Tim_Mann/chess.html . The
version of zippy.README on my Web page is often more up-to-date than
those in the XBoard/WinBoard distributions. You'll also find a
"biography" of Zippy and pointers to the original Zippy the Pinhead
comic strips on my Web page. Please read zippy.README carefully before
you ask me any questions about Zippy.

Using a computer to choose your moves on a chess server is considered
cheating unless your account is on the computer (C) list. Read "help
computer" on your favorite server for details on their policy. Most of
the servers have plenty of computers running now, so they will not be
excited about having you run a new one unless you have written your own
chess engine. They don't really need yet another Crafty or GNU Chess
clone.
_______________________________________________________________________

[D.17] How can I interface my own chess program to XBoard or WinBoard?

This is a non-trivial task. XBoard and WinBoard were not designed with a
clean interface for talking to chess programs; they were written to work
with an existing version of GNU Chess that expects to be talking to a
person. Your program has to emulate GNU Chess's rather idiosyncratic
command structure to work with XBoard and WinBoard. We are gradually
cleaning up, improving, and documenting the interface as newer versions
of XBoard and WinBoard come out, however.

For documentation, see the file engine-intf.txt, included in both
distributions or available from my chess Web page,
http://www.research.digital.com/SRC/personal/Tim_Mann/chess.html . The
version of engine-intf.txt on my Web page is often more up-to-date than
those in the XBoard/WinBoard distributions.
_______________________________________________________________________

[D.18] How can I recompile WinBoard from source?

The source code for WinBoard is available from the author's Web page,
http://www.research.digital.com/SRC/personal/Tim_Mann/chess.html .

WinBoard is currently developed using Microsoft Visual C++ 5.0. By far
the easiest way to recompile it, and the only one that is really known
to work, is to use MSVC++ 5.0. You can build the program either from the
MSVC++ GUI or from the command line using the nmake program supplied
with MSVC++.

WinBoard is a Win32 application, so you definitely need a compiler and
tool set that supports Win32. In particular, DJGPP can't be used to
build WinBoard. DJGPP can build only 32-bit MSDOS programs; that is,
programs that use a DOS extender to get a 32-bit address space and do
not make any Windows calls. It can't build Win32 programs.

Cygwin32 (see http://www.cygnus.com/ ) is said to be able to build Win32
GUI apps, so perhaps it could be used to build WinBoard. To my
knowledge, no one has tried this. The Makefile (and maybe other things)
would most likely need changes for this to work. It would be nice to do
this conversion, so that the free WinBoard program could be built with
free tools, but I can't afford the time. Perhaps someone else will try.
Let me know if you do.

The WinBoard Makefile includes a rule for rebuilding parser.c from
parser.l using the program "flex". Flex is free GNU software, available
from many sites around the Internet. If you don't have a copy handy, and
you don't need to modify parser.l, you can simply remove the rule from
the Makefile. The file parser.c is supplied with the WinBoard source
distribution.

WinBoard executables for the DEC Alpha running Windows NT will be
provided in the future, along with instructions for compiling your own.
For now, contact me if you want to do this.
_______________________________________________________________________

[E] XBoard and WinBoard, bugs and problems

_______________________________________________________________________

[E.1] I can't build XBoard because the X11/Xaw/... include files are not
found.

These are the header files for the Athena Widgets library, which XBoard
uses heavily. Some versions of Unix don't supply these files, but they
are part of the standard X distribution, freely available from MIT.

For general information on getting missing X sources, see the FAQ on
comp.windows.x. Note that you may be missing only the header files, or
you may be missing the libraries themselves too.

HP-UX users are missing only the header files. You can get them by
anonymous FTP as follows. (But first check with your system
administrator to see if someone else at your site has already done
this.) Get the archive file /hpux9/X11R5/Core/Xaw-5.00.tar.gz (Xaw
header files) via anonymous FTP from the site hpux.csc.liv.ac.uk
(138.253.42.172), or one of the other official sites---Germany:
hpux.ask.uni-karlsruhe.de (129.13.200.57), US: hpux.cae.wisc.edu
(144.92.4.15), France: hpux.cict.fr (192.70.79.53) or Netherlands:
hpux.ced.tudelft.nl (130.161.140.100). Unpack the archive using gzip and
follow the instructions in its README and/or HPUX.Install files. Thanks
to Richard Lloyd for this information.

If you have the Xaw header files installed in a different place than the
other X11 headers, you may need to configure XBoard with an extra flag
to help it find them. For example, if yours are in /foo/bar/X11/Xaw, try
this:

    rm config.cache
    (setenv CFLAGS -I/foo/bar ; configure)

Also see topic [E.2] .
_______________________________________________________________________

[E.2] Configuring or building XBoard fails due to missing header files,
missing libraries, or undefined symbols.

Perhaps you have the X server and client programs installed on your
machine, but not the X header files and link-time libraries. If so, you
can run existing X programs, but you cannot compile a new X program from
source code. In this case the XBoard configure script will fail and will
tell you to look at this question in the FAQ. Many Linux distributions
put the headers and libraries in a separate package, which you might not
have installed. If you are using RedHat Linux, install the XFree86-devel
package. If you are using some other kind of Unix, ask your system
administrator where to find the X header files and link-time libraries.
If this is not your problem, read on.

The configure script for XBoard looks for X libraries and header files
in some common places. Sometimes it fails: If yours are installed in an
odd place, it may not find them at all. If you have more than one
version of X installed on your system, it may find the "wrong" one, or
occasionally it may find libraries from one version and incompatible
header files from another. You can work around these problems by telling
the configure script where the files are. For example:

    configure --x-includes=/odd/place/include \
              --x-libraries=/odd/place/lib

The directory named in the argument to --x-includes must have a
subdirectory "X11" that contains the actual .h files.

Some linkers have bugs that cause bogus error messages when you try to
link X programs. The configure script includes a workaround for a bug of
this kind that exists in some SunOS 4.x.x installations. See the FAQ on
comp.windows.x for more information about problems of this kind.

If all else fails, check whether anyone else at your site has been able
to compile any X programs on your system. Your X installation might be
buggy. If so, the system administrator at your site might know how to
fix or work around the problem.

Also see topic [E.1] .
_______________________________________________________________________

[E.3] I have problems using WinBoard on ICS with a modem. I'm not
running SLIP or PPP, but just dialing in to an ordinary login account
("shell account").

Here are solutions to some common problems in this area.

Some people want to connect to ICS through HyperTerminal or some other
terminal program first, then run WinBoard. This is not how it works.
WinBoard wants to talk directly with your modem, acting as a terminal
program itself. Start out with the modem "on hook" (not making a call).

Run WinBoard with a command line like this (adding more options if
desired):

    WinBoard /ics /icscom com1

Use com2, com3, or com4 in place of com1 if your modem is connected to
one of those ports.

After you start WinBoard, you may need to change some of the options in
the Communications dialog (on the Options menu). The dialog has the
usual options for talking to modems: bits per second, bits per byte,
parity, number of stop bits. You will probably want to use Save Settings
Now when you're done.

Next, type dialing commands to your modem in the text window that
WinBoard creates. You may need to turn off Local Line Editing on the
Options menu while you are typing commands to your modem. Turn it back
on when you're done. See the WinBoard Help file for instructions if you
see your typing echoed an extra time after you hit Enter.
_______________________________________________________________________

[E.4] I have problems using WinBoard on ICS with Windows 95 and SLIP or
PPP. When trying to start up, it gets the error "Address family not
supported by protocol family" (or some equally strange message).

WinBoard is a 32-bit application, but some Winsock (TCP/IP)
implementations support only 16-bit applications. You get a strange
looking error message if you try to use a 32-bit application because
there is no standard Winsock error code number for "32-bit application
not supported."

Microsoft TCP/IP works with both 16-bit and 32-bit applications,
supports SLIP, PPP, Ethernet, etc., and is included with Windows 95. If
possible, I recommend that you uninstall whatever Winsock you are using
and install Microsoft TCP/IP instead. For more information, see
http://walden.mo.net/~rymabry/95winfaq.html (the Win95-L FAQ) .

Trumpet Winsock 2.1 (and earlier) supports only 16-bit applications, and
hence does not work with WinBoard. But there is a beta-test release
available that does support 32-bit applications. I have not tried it
with WinBoard, but it should work. See Trumpet's Web page
http://www.trumpet.com.au/wsk/winsock.htm for more information.

The 16-bit versions of America On-Line's software do not support 32-bit
Winsock applications. Get the 32-bit version, which is called "AOL for
Windows 95."

A few versions of Winsock may have bugs that prevent Windows
timestamp/timeseal from working with them. I'm not sure if such bugs
exist in any versions that actually have 32-bit support, so this point
might be moot. Again, Microsoft TCP/IP is known to work.
_______________________________________________________________________

[E.5] When I try to run WinBoard, I get the message "Failed to start
chess program gnuchesx on localhost: NO LANGFILE (file gnuchess.lang not
found)".

This problem should not occur with WinBoard 3.4.1 and later. It used to
happen because some unzip programs (notably pkunzip) do not understand
long file names, so they would unzip gnuchess.lang as gnuchess.lan and
gnuchess.data as gnuchess.dat. I have changed the GNU Chess port
included with WinBoard to use the shorter names. However, if you want to
recompile WinBoard, you still need to use an unzip that understands long
file names, because some of the WinBoard source files still have long
names.
_______________________________________________________________________

[E.6] I want to use XBoard or WinBoard as an Internet Chess Server
interface, but the ICS Client option is grayed out on the menu.

XBoard and WinBoard have three major modes that can't be changed from
the menus: local chess engine mode, ICS mode, and standalone mode.

With XBoard, you have to set the mode using command-line options. Local
chess engine mode is the default, -ics selects ICS mode, and -ncp ("no
chess program") selects standalone mode.

With WinBoard, if you don't set the mode using command-line options, you
get a dialog box asking which mode you want. To bypass the dialog box,
use -cp ("chess program") for local chess engine mode, or -ics or -ncp
as with XBoard. Also see topic [E.7] .
_______________________________________________________________________

[E.7] How do I give command-line options to a Windows program like
WinBoard?

There are many ways; pick your favorite:

   * Type the command line into an MS-DOS Prompt box. Example: "WinBoard
     -ics". Starting Windows programs from an MS-DOS Prompt box works
     only on Windows 95 or Windows NT, but then, WinBoard itself works
     only on those systems.
   * Make a Windows 95 shortcut for WinBoard. You can do this by
     right-dragging WinBoard.exe to the desktop and selecting "Create
     Shortcut(s) Here" from the menu that appears. Right-click on the
     shortcut, select Properties, and click the Shortcut tab. The
     command-line text box is labelled "Target" instead of "Command
     line" just to confuse you. Edit the text in this box, adding the
     command line options to the end.
   * Choose Run from the Start menu, or File / Run from the Program
     Manager or File Manager, and type the command line into the dialog
     you get. You may have to give WinBoard's full drivespec and
     filename if it is not in a directory on your search path.
   * Make a Program Manager icon for WinBoard. You can do this by
     dragging WinBoard.exe from the File Manager into the Program
     Manager, or by using File / New in the Program Manager. Select the
     icon and choose File / Properties. Edit the Command Line text box
     to add the command-line options to the end.
_______________________________________________________________________

[E.8] When I try to log in to ICC using timestamp (or to FICS using
timeseal) with XBoard, it accepts my handle, but just beeps at me when I
type my password.

This problem should not occur with XBoard 3.6.0 or later. Let me know if
you encounter it.
_______________________________________________________________________

[E.9] When I exit from WinBoard after using it to play against GNU Chess
or Crafty, the chess program keeps running in the background.

If you are using Crafty, be certain to get the version compiled for
Win32 (wcrafty.exe), not the version compiled for MS-DOS (crafty.exe).
Also, be sure you have the current version of WinBoard. WinBoard 3.4.1
and earlier had a bug that caused this problem to occur with all chess
engines.

This problem is reported to still happen occasionally, for unknown
reasons. You can generally stop the rogue Crafty by pressing
Ctrl+Alt+Del, selecting the Crafty process from the menu, and pressing
the End Task button.
_______________________________________________________________________

[E.10] When running WinBoard, I get the message "Error getting user
name: The operation was not performed because user has not logged on to
the network."

This problem should not occur with WinBoard 3.6.0 or later.
_______________________________________________________________________

[E.11] WinBoard crashes Windows 95!

This problem is fixed in WinBoard 3.6.1 and later versions. If you still
see it in the current version of WinBoard, please report it.

Background: Versions of WinBoard prior to 3.6.1 sometimes crash Windows
95 (but not Windows NT) at the end of a game or when you use the Time
Control dialog. The crash occurs when WinBoard kills off a chess engine
process and quickly starts a new one. WinBoard 3.6.0 does not exhibit
the problem unless you give it the -xreuse (-reuseChessProgram False)
flag. WinBoard 3.6.1 and later fix the problem completely.
_______________________________________________________________________

[E.12] Why do my ICS opponents often get extra time after they make
their moves? Why do I sometimes lose time off my clock after I make my
move?

If you are playing with the ICS incremental clock, both you and your
opponent get a set amount of extra time after each move.

If your or your opponent has netlag, your opponent might appear to get
extra time, especially if your opponent is using timestamp or timeseal.
The ICS charges each player who is using timestamp or timeseal only for
the time between when the player received his opponent's move and the
time he sent his own move. Thus delays in network transmission do not
count against either player. But WinBoard counts down the display of
your opponent's clock on your screen under the assumption that there is
no netlag. When his move comes in, if there was netlag, the ICS may not
have really charged him for that much time, and WinBoard corrects the
clock to what the ICS says it should read.

If you are not using timestamp or timeseal, you may appear to lose time
off your clock at some point after you make your move. In this case, the
ICS charges you for the time between when it sent you your opponent's
move and the time it received your move. Thus delays in network
transmission count against you. WinBoard stops counting down the display
of your clock on your screen (and starts your opponent's) when you make
your move. When the ICS echoes your move back to you, it may have
charged you for more time than that, and WinBoard corrects the clocks to
what the ICS says they should read.

See "help lag" and "help timestamp" or "help timeseal" on your ICS for
more detailed information.
_______________________________________________________________________

[F] Crafty and other topics

_______________________________________________________________________

[F.1] What is XChess?

XChess is an older chessboard program that is no longer supported.
XChess was written for X version 10, and you may or may not be able to
build and run it on an X11 system.

XChess has only one significant feature that is not present in XBoard:
Two humans can play chess using XChess on different machines, without
using the Internet Chess Server as an intermediary. This feature is of
interest only if you don't have network connectivity to the Internet
Chess Server.

Note: There actually have been several different programs called
"XChess" in circulation at various times. The above describes one that
was associated with GNU Chess.
_______________________________________________________________________

[F.2] What is Winsock Chess?

Winsock Chess is a program that lets two people play chess across a
network. It runs only under Microsoft Windows. Some of the code in
Winsock Chess is derived from GNU Chess, but it is not maintained by the
GNU Chess team. You can get a copy from the Internet Chess Library; see
topic [A.3] . For more information, contact its author, Donald Munro,
ccahdm@beluga.upe.ac.za.
_______________________________________________________________________

[F.3] What is Crafty?

Crafty is a freely-available chess program written by Bob Hyatt. Bob is
the main author of the well-known chess program Cray Blitz. Crafty is
already a much better chess program than GNU Chess on many dimensions:
it plays better, the code is commented and readable, and the author is
actively working on improvements.

You can download Crafty from ftp://ftp.cis.uab.edu/pub/hyatt/ . Start by
getting the read.me file and reading it. Among other things, this file
contains instructions on how to install Crafty as a command-line
application on your machine.

There is a Crafty mailing list hosted at http://www.jpunix.com/ . To
subscribe, send email to crafty-request@alpha.jpunix.com with the body
of the message containing the line:

subscribe crafty

_______________________________________________________________________

[F.4] How do I use Crafty with XBoard?

First, you need to get Crafty and install it as a command-line
application on your machine. See topic [F.3] .

To use Crafty with XBoard, give the -fcp parameter like this:

    xboard -fcp "crafty" -fd crafty_directory

Here crafty_directory is the directory where you installed Crafty. You
can add more xboard options at the end of the command line.

Crafty 15.14 or later is required to work properly with XBoard 4.0.0 or
later. We generally recommend using the latest versions of both XBoard
and Crafty.
_______________________________________________________________________

[F.5] How do I use Crafty with WinBoard?

First, you need to get Crafty and install it as a command-line
application on your machine. See topic [F.3] . You must use the version
of Crafty compiled for Win32 (wcrafty*.exe), not the version compiled
for MS-DOS (crafty*.exe), and it is best to use the latest version of
Crafty with the latest version of WinBoard to make sure all features are
compatible and function correctly. You can install Crafty in any
directory you like.

You also need to get WinBoard and install it in the normal way using its
built-in installer. You can do that either before or after you install
Crafty.

After both Crafty and WinBoard are installed separately, follow the
directions in the WinBoard Help file (included with WinBoard) for
connecting new chess engines to WinBoard.

If you want to have Crafty act as an automated computer player on a
chess server, see topic [D.16] . Before you try to get that working, be
sure you can play against Crafty locally, first without WinBoard, then
with it. Also be sure you can use WinBoard to play on the chess server
yourself, without having Crafty connected to it. You have to crawl
before you can walk!
_______________________________________________________________________

** End of GNU Chess FAQ **
-- 
Tim Mann <mann@pa.dec.com>, Compaq Systems Research Center
http://www.research.digital.com/SRC/personal/Tim_Mann/