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From: Orlando Sotomayor-Diaz (The Moderator) <cbosgd!std-c>


mod.std.c Digest            Sat, 11 May 85       Volume 6 : Issue   7 

Today's Topics:
          Pointer arithmetic and function pointers (4 msgs)
----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date: Fri, 10 May 85 10:28:01 pdt
From: John Bruner <seismo!mordor!jdb>
Subject: Pointer arithmetic and function pointers
To: std-c@cbosgd

> No! No! No!  What about the following (which is legal and works):
> 
> 	int (*afp[])();
> 
> This is an array of pointers to functions.  All arrays in C can be
> used as xxx[n] or *(xxx+n); more explicitly, an array name is actually
> the address of the first element of the array and is a constant (which
> is why an array name cannot be an lvalue).  Put this all together and
> you get that arithmetic on a pointer-to-function is a necessary thing.

Given the array of pointers to functions

	int (*afp[])();

the semantically equivalent expressions

	afp[n]		*(afp+n)

(where "n" is an integer expression) are not performing arithmetic on
pointers to functions.  The arithmetic is performed on a pointer to a
pointer to function.  The type of "afp" in an expression (except sizeof)
is (int (**)()) [C.2.2.1].  The integer expression is scaled by
"sizeof (int (*)())", making this equivalent to

	(int (*)()) ( (unsigned long)afp + n*sizeof(int (*)()) )

--
  John Bruner (S-1 Project, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory)
  MILNET: jdb@mordor.ARPA [jdb@s1-c]	(415) 422-0758
  UUCP: ...!ucbvax!dual!mordor!jdb 	...!decvax!decwrl!mordor!jdb

------------------------------

Date: Fri, 10 May 85 14:39:38 edt
From: Alex Dupuy <seismo!columbia!dupuy>
Subject: Pointer arithmetic and function pointers
To: std-c@cbosgd

>>Since the size of a function object is not defined, I believe this
>>should be amended to disallow expressions which combine integers and
>>pointers to functions:
>>
>>       foo + 1                 /* illegal */
>
>No! No! No!  What about the following (which is legal and works):
>
>      int (*afp[])();
>
>This is an array of pointers to functions.
                     -----------

Exactly.  Since it is an array of function -pointers-, when you do something
like 
			   *afp[1] (arg);
or equivalently,	*(*(afp+1)) (arg);

you're adding 1 to a (constant) pointer to a -pointer to a function-.  Though
"sizeof int()" is undefined, "sizeof int *()" is defined, usually the same as
sizeof(*int).  Since the first message doesn't say anything about pointers to
pointers to functions, your construct is perfectly legal.  The twisted nature
of C type declarations and the array/pointer distinction make this a confusing
problem, but there is no reason to allow adding integers to function pointers,
except that it might cause others to make the same mistake as you.  One could
make a case for multiple entry points to a function, though; allowing you to
add a -label- to a function, but this is an extension to C which doesn't really
belong in the standard.

@alex

------------------------------

Date: 10 May 85 13:19:28 CDT (Fri)
From: ihnp4!bbncca!keesan
Subject: Pointer arithmetic and function pointers
To: ihnp4!cbosgd!std-c, ihnp4!nbires!gangue!obo586!dir

Arithmetic on pointers to pointers is fine, but I agree with the 
original poster that arithmetic on pointers to functions should be
explicitly prohibited.

Morris M. Keesan
{decvax,linus,ihnp4,wanginst,wjh12,ima}!bbncca!keesan
keesan @ BBN-UNIX.ARPA

------------------------------

Date: Fri, 10 May 85 13:07:06 CDT
From: William LeFebvre <ucbvax!phil@rice.ARPA>
Subject: Pointer arithmetic and function pointers
To: cbosgd!nbires!gangue!obo586!dir@BERKELEY

I agree with the original posting:  arithmetic on a pointer-to-function
makes no sense.

                                William LeFebvre
				Department of Computer Science
				Rice University
                                <phil@Rice.arpa>

------------------------------

End of mod.std.c Digest - Sat, 11 May 85 10:50:39 EDT
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