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Comments, corrections, more names or sources, and suggestions welcome.

                List of Common Names for Messier Objects
                              Version 1.211
          compiled by Hartmut Frommert (phfrom@nyx.uni-konstanz.de)

Thanks to Chris Lewicki, this file has now found a very good place on the
famous ftp server ftp.seds.org, as /pub/info/messier/m-names.txt. It may
be accessed as follows:
  1. Anon ftp, including FTP-Mail, e.g. to ftpmail@seds.org
  2. Gopher to www.seds.org, go to
       "SEDS ANONYMOUS FTP SITE (FTP.SEDS.ORG) | info | messier | m-names"
  3. On a WWW client, the URL is
       "ftp://ftp.seds.org/pub/info/messier/m-names.txt"

It is also posted to the mailing list astro@mindspring.com and various
newsgroups including sci.astro and sci.astro.amateur when modifications
justify this.

Names used in various sources:
==============================
M1   "The Crab Nebula" (Rosse 1844)
M6   "Butterfly cluster"
     (`Splendors of the Heavens', Phillips/Steaphenson 1923)
M8   "The Lagoon Nebula".
     Its center contains "The Hourglass Nebula" (A.D. Thackeray 1956).
M11  "The Wild Duck Cluster" (Smyth)
M13  "Great Hercules Globular Cluster" (I admit: not very original :-))
M16  associated with the "Eagle Nebula" or "Star Queen Nebula" (IC 4703)
M17  "The Omega (or Swan, or Horseshoe, or Lobster) Nebula"
     (thanks to Steve Mencinsky for contributing the "Lobster", a common
     name for M17 on the Southern hemisphere)
M20  "The Trifid Nebula"
M24  Milky Way Patch (star cloud) containing open cluster NGC 6603,
     "Delle Caustiche"
M27  "The Dumbbell Nebula", "Diablo Nebula", "Double-Headed Shot"
     (latter two contributed by Jeff Bondono)
M31  "The Andromeda Galaxy"
M32  Satellite galaxy of M31
M33  "The Triangulum Galaxy" (also "Pinwheel")
     Pinwheel alternatively applied to M101
M40  Double Star WNC4 in Ursa Major
M42  The Great Orion Nebula
M43  "de Mairan's nebula" (NGC), part of the Orion Nebula
M44  Praesepe, the Beehive Cluster
M45  Subaru, the Pleiades--the Seven Sisters
M51  "The Whirlpool Galaxy", Lord Rosse's "Question Mark"
M57  "The Ring Nebula"
M63  "The Sunflower galaxy"
M64  "The Blackeye galaxy"
M65  forms the "Leo Triplet" with M66 and NGC 3628
M66  forms the "Leo Triplet" with M65 and NGC 3628
M76  is cited with 3 common names:
     1. "The Little Dumbbell Nebula" (most common, e.g. Sky Catalogue 2000)
     2. "The Cork Nebula" (e.g. Burnham)
     3. "The Butterfly Nebula" (e.g. a CFHT slide set I got from
        Hansen Planetarium some time ago).
     All 3 can be motivated by its appearance in different
     aperture telescopes, with different filters, and on photos
     with different exposure times.
     4. "The Apple Core Nebula" is the name Mike Frazier proposes for it.
     NB: This object seems to attract names like no other: It has also two
        NGC numbers: 650 and 651.
M81  is sometimes called "Bode's Nebula" (Murdin/Allen/Malin 1979) or better,
     "Bode's Galaxy".
M87  "Virgo A" is in the center of the Virgo cluster
     its active center is called "The Smoking Gun" (Nasa/STScI)
M97  "The Owl Nebula"
M101 "The Pinwheel Galaxy" (this name shared with M33)
     [Murdin/Allen/Malin 1979, Sky Catalogue 2000]
M102[?]=NGC 5866 "The Spindle Galaxy" (hf, Sky&Telescope 7/95 p. 51)
M104 "The Sombrero Galaxy"
M110 Satellite galaxy of M31

Propositions for further names:
===============================
M7   "Ptolemy's cluster" (Ptolemy mentioned it 138 AD, hf)
M29  "Nuclear Cooling Tower" (Jeff Bondono)
M34  "Spiral Cluster" (Jeff Bondono)
M36  "Pinwheel Cluster" (Jeff Bondono)
M38  "Starfish Cluster" (Jeff Bondono)
M50  "Heart-Shaped Cluster" (Jeff Bondono)
M82  "The Cigar Galaxy" (Tom Polakis)
M93  "Butterfly Cluster" (Jeff Bondono; shared with M6, see above)

  Jeff Bondono has also proposed names for a collection of open clusters,
  namely M11, M37, and M52.  These clusters may sloppily be called the
  "Salt-and-Pepper" clusters, and are attributed for terrestrial seasons, so
  that they have different names on the Southern and the Northern hemisphere,
  respectively; Jeff has also proposed naming them by month names, and I
  could imageine to name them after their homing constellations:

M11  N: "Summer Salt-and-Pepper", S: "Winter Salt-and-Pepper",
     "July Salt-and-Pepper", "Scutum Salt-and-Pepper"
M37  N: "Winter Salt-and-Pepper", S: "Summer Salt-and-Pepper"
     "January Salt-and-Pepper", "Auriga Salt-and-Pepper"
M52  N: "Autumn Salt-and-Pepper", S: "Spring Salt-and-Pepper"
     "October Salt-and-Pepper", "Cassiopeia Salt-and-Pepper"
---
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