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There is a FAQ being edited for this newsgroup.
There is another prepared by RSA Inc. avbl by FTP from rsa.com


Here's my list of books, etc., for beginners.  This list is heavy on
the cryptanalysis side, rather than the cryptography side, on purpose.
It is a rule of thumb that no one should attempt to design a
cryptosystem without having practiced breaking them.

	David Kahn, The Codebreakers, Macmillan, 1967
		(definitive history of cryptology up to WW-II)

	Gordon Welchman, The Hut Six Story, McGraw-Hill, 1982
		(excellent description of his WW-II crypto work
		 (breaking the German Enigma); discussion of modern
		 cryptological implications)

	H. F. Gaines, Cryptanalysis, Dover, 1956 (originally 1939)
		(pre-WW-II cryptanalysis)

	Abraham Sinkov, Elementary Cryptanalysis, Math. Assoc. of Amer., 1966
		(pre-WW-II cryptanalysis; more mathematical than Gaines)

	D Denning, Cryptography and Data Security, Addison-Wesley, 1983
		(mostly modern systems; more cryptography than
		 cryptanalysis; protocols; ...)

	Andrew Hodges, Alan Turing: The Enigma, Burnett Books Ltd., 1983
		(biography of Turing; some coverage of his crypto work
		 in WW-II)

	The entire list of publications from the Aegean Park Press
		P.O. Box 2837, Laguna Hills, CA 92654-0837
		(mostly pre-WW-II reprints; very expensive; good sources)

	Various volumes from Artech House, 610 Washington St., Dedham MA
	02026; including:

		Deavours & Hruh, Machine Cryptography and Modern Cryptanalysis
        	        (operation and breaking of cipher machines through
			 about 1955).

		Deavours, et al., CRYPTOLOGY Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow
			(Cryptologia reprints -- 1st volume)

		Deavours, et al., CRYPTOLOGY: Machines, History & Methods
			(Cryptologia reprints -- 2nd volume)

	Cryptologia:  a cryptology journal, quarterly since Jan 1977.
		Cryptologia
		Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology
		Terre Haute Indiana  47803

	Journal of the International Association for Cryptologic Research
		(quarterly since 1988).

	The RSA paper: The Comm. of the ACM, Feb 1978, p. 120

	Claude Shannon's 2 1940's papers in the Bell System Tech Journal.

	Herbert O. Yardley, The American Black Chamber, Bobbs-Merrill, 1931
		(1st hand history -- WW-I era)

	Edwin Layton, "And I Was There", William Morrow & Co., 1985
		(1st hand history -- WW-II era)

	W. Kozaczuk, Enigma, University Publications of America, 1984
		(1st hand history (Rejewski's) -- WW-II era)