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http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~djmorin/book.html
Chapter 14: "The equivalence principle has a striking consequence
concerning the behavior of clocks in a gravitational field. It implies
that higher clocks run faster than lower clocks. If you put a watch on
top of a tower, and then stand on the ground, you will see the watch
on the tower tick faster than an identical watch on your wrist. When
you take the watch down and compare it to the one on your wrist, it
will show more time elapsed."

Note that the two watches are placed at different gravitational
potentials (the alleged "gravitational time dilation" is a function of
the potential difference) but experience essentially the same
gravitational field. This means that, in Einsteiniana's wonderland,
identical clocks placed in identical physical surroundings run at
different rates, that is, there is an effect without cause.

Outside Einsteiniana's wonderland the explanation sounds quite
prosaic. In 1911 Divine Albert discovered and even published that the
speed of light varies with the gravitational potential, "V", in
accordance with the equation c'=c(1+V/c^2) given by Newton's emission
theory of light. This equation is equivalent to the equation c'=c+v
given again by Newton's emission theory of light and showing how the
speed of light varies with the speed of the light source, "v". That
is, by applying the equivalence principle, one converts c'=c(1+V/c^2),
valid in the presence of a gravitational field, into c'=c+v, valid in
the absence of a gravitational field, and vice versa. Needless to say,
the validity of the two equations is fatal for Divine Albert's Divine
Theory.

Later, in 1915, Divine Albert devised better camouflage but in 1911
the "gavitational time dilation", the effect without cause, was the
only protective fraud his panicky mind was able to produce.

Pentcho Valev
pvalev@yahoo.com