🚀 go-pugleaf

On 5 mayo, 10:43, Strich-Reply-To-Idiots <iqgoo...@gmail.com> wrote:
> On 5 Maijs, 10:32, papa_r...@hotmail.com wrote:
>
OK David, we all know you are unable to read, less understand, and
much less accept that you are wrong.
As recent as last week, scientists are discussing the increasing
importance of relativity on astrodynamics.
I, for sure, have more confidence on this knowledgeable group of
people, than in an ignorant wacko like you David (nothing personal you
know!).

RELATIVITY IN FUNDAMENTAL ASTRONOMY: Dynamics, Reference Frames, And
Data Analysis
27 April - 1 May 2009, Virginia Beach, USA

SYMPOSIUM SCIENTIFIC RATIONALE:

The tremendous progress in technology, which we have witnessed during
the last 30 years, has led to enormous improvements of accuracy in
the
disciplines of astrometry and time. Considering the growth of accuracy
of positional observations in the course of time, we see that during
the
25 years between 1988 and 2013 we expect the same gain in accuracy
(4.5 orders of magnitude) as that realized during the whole previous
history
of astrometry, from Hipparchus till 1988 (over 2000 years).
Observational techniques like Lunar and Satellite Laser Ranging,
Radar
and Doppler Ranging, Very Long Baseline Interferometry, high-precision
atomic clocks, etc., have made it possible to probe the kinematical
and
dynamical properties of celestial bodies to unprecedented accuracy. It
is clear that for current accuracy requirements astronomical problems
have to be formulated within the framework of Einstein's theory of
gravity (General Relativity Theory). Many high-precision astronomical
techniques have already required the application of relativistic
effects, which are several orders of magnitude larger than the
technical
accuracy of observations. In order to interpret the results of such
observations, one has to construct involved relativistic models. Many
current and planned observational projects cannot achieve their goals
if relativity is not taken into account properly. The future projects
will
require the introduction of higher order relativistic models.

To make the relativistic models consistent with each other for
different observational techniques, to formulate them in the simplest
possible way
for a given accuracy, and to formulate them in a language
understandable for astronomers and engineers who have little knowledge
of relativity,
are the challenges of a multidisciplinary research field called
Applied Relativity. Applied Relativity emerged about 20-25 years ago,
around the
time of the first and only IAU Symposium devoted to that field, namely
IAU Symposium 114 entitled "Relativity in celestial mechanics and
astrometry" held in St. Petersburg, Russia in 1985. This Symposium has
the goal to overview and summarize the progress that Applied
Relativity
has made during the past quarter of a century and to develop the basis
for the future of this discipline.

Since 1985 we have seen many changes in the field. The IAU has adopted
a number of resolutions, where the standard IAU framework for
relativistic modelling was formulated. The IERS Conventions, one of
the most important documents containing a set of models used by the
International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS), has
become consistently relativistic. The impact of this development is
far
beyond the realm of fundamental astronomy. For example, the standard
software libraries like SOFA and NOVAS, which are widely used by the
astronomical community, have been influenced significantly by the
developments in that field. Astronomical time scales and time
transfer
algorithms are known to be very sensitive to relativistic effects.
Timing observations have the largest ratio between the size of
relativistic effects and accuracy. The definitions of astronomical
time scales, which are fully consistent with Relativity, were
completed in
2006. Also, the dynamical modelling for the solar system (major and
minor planets), for deep space navigation, and for the dynamics of
Earth's satellites must be consistent with Relativity. Although a lot
of effort has been made in these fields, there are many subtle
issues,
which become obvious from comparisons with models used in different
fields.  It is one of the goals of this Symposium to facilitate the
exchange between astronomers working in different areas.

Since the formulation of General Relativity in 1915, astronomical
observations have played a very important role for testing this
theory.
Three of the four classical tests of General Relativity are based on
astronomical observations. The Symposium is expected to bring
together
both experts interpreting high-accuracy astronomical observations and
physicists working in the field of General Relativity.  It is
expected
that within a decade from now the main relativistic parameters will be
measured with about 7 digits. Considering that at such a high level
of
accuracy interpretation of astronomical data becomes increasingly
complicated and tricky, discussions among these two communities are
highly desirable.

Miguel Rios