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THE DISCOVERY OF BRIGHT GALAXIES IN THE DISTANT UNIVERSE
AND A VARIABLE GRAVITATIONAL 'CONSTANT'.

By Louis Nielsen    http://www.rostra.dk/louis

>From CfA Press Release No. 2007-21, For release Thursday, August 09,
2007, I read that "Astronomers Spot Brightest Galaxies in the Distant
Universe".
The astronomers have no explanations for the bright galaxies.

But maybe the observations are indication of a variable gravitational
'constant'?

In the following considerations about a cosmic decreasing
gravitational 'constant' (You can study more in my treatise).

THE MASS-LUMINOSITY RELATION.
The radiation of energy from a star or a galaxy depends on the mass M
of the star-system and the gravitational 'constant' G. The following
connection between the effect of radiation P and M and G is valid:

(1)    P = k*G^(7)*M^(5)

The constant k is a system dependent proportionality constant. The
relation does not depend of specific energy producing processes.

The relation (1) is normally called the Mass-Luminosity relation.

COSMIC DECREASING GRAVITY.
In the following we assume that the gravitational 'constant' G(T) is a
decreasing quantity with respect to the age T of the Universe
according to the relation:

(2)   G(T) = C*(1/T)^(1/3)

I equation (2) C is a constant.

Let us write down the connection between the effects of radiation P(1)
and P(2) at two different times T(1) and
T(2) and with two different values of the gravitational 'constant'
G(1) at T(1) and G(2) at T(2).
If we assume that the mass of the object is the same at the two times
then we can write:

(3)   P(1) = P(2)* (G(1)/G(2))^(7)

By use of equation (2) we get:

(4)   P(1) = P(2)* (T(2)/T(1))^(7/3)

>From equation (4) we see that the radiation of energy from an object
far away from us, for instance a distant quasar, is much stronger, as
the light from this object was sent off at a time T(1) when the
gravitational 'constant' G(1) was greater, corresponding to an age of
a younger Universe.

As an example let us take: T(1) = 0.7*10^9 years and T(2) = 14*10^9
years.
We then get:

(5)   P(1) = 1086*P(2)

The radiation from the distant object is more than 1000 times greater
than a similar object near to us.

The extension of the distribution of mass is also dependent on G, with
higher concentration within a smaller space area in earlier epochs.
(Please see my treatise).

We see from the above that the farther away and thus the younger
objects we observe the stronger radiation and the smaller extension
these objects have. This is what has been observed for the so-called
quasars, namely that they have extremely strong radiations from
relatively small regions. The quasars are known to be situated in the
outermost regions of our universe, i.e. we observe objects in the
young universe.

The above given explanation thus may be the answer to the new
observations of distant bright galaxies??

Best regards
Louis Nielsen
Denmark
http://www.rostra.dk/louis