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             * C h i n a   N e w s   D i g e s t *

		    (ND Canada Service)

                       -- Jan. 10 (I), 1990


Table of Contents
                                                                 No.  of Lines
 Brief News  ..........................................................  24
 1. Newest Talks of Lifting Martial Law in Beijing  ...................  39
 2. Tighter Control of College Enrollment Is Told  ....................  42
 3. Hong Kong Governor Visits Beijing  ................................  36
 4. Developments in EE and SU: Cuba's Stormy Foreign Relations  .......  52


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Brief News
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(1)
From: PC CHIEH (CHEMISTRY)
 <chieh@watdcs.UWaterloo.ca>

                       This morning CBS reported that the martial
law  is lefted in Beijing. The Video showed Li Peng anouncing it,
but his voice was not heard.  Time 8:00 am, Jan. 10, 1990.

(2)
From: yuan@mimsy.umd.edu, kwchan@hkucs.UUCP and ls2r+zhiyong@andrew.cmu.edu
Source: Washington Post, South China Morning Post and NHK, 1/4-8/90

Washington Post -- Around 500,000 workers are applying for protest in  about
30 cities of China.  The slogans include "We do not want democracy and free-
dom, but we want food," "We want the leadership of Communist Party,  but  we
want  jobs too," etc.  The protest attempt results from the austerity policy
of the CCP government which  tries  to  control  the  high  inflation.   The
government threatened to do anything to stop the protest.

(3)
SCMP -- The Minister of the State Education Commission, Mr Li Tieying  said,
despite  the  present  economic retrenchment programme, the Government would
continue to increase expenditure on education, which has grown by  about  15
per  cent  a year for the past decade. Teachers' salaries would be raised to
catch up with average national wages.

(4)
NHK (Japan Broadcast Service) -- The Republic of China  (Taiwan)  has  esta-
blished  official  trade ties with Hungary amid strong protest from the Com-
munist government of China.  This is the first official mission  of  ROC  in
Eastern Europe.  Similar ties with Poland and Czechoslovakia are expected to
be established soon.

(5)
ND correspondent in U of Sask.
(Hong Kong) Cheng Ming No.147, Jan. 1990 reported that the former
Romanian  dictator Ceausescu asked the Chinese government to send
an  airplane  to rescue him. But the plane had to return to China
in  the  midway since Ceausescu was arrested shortly afterward.
Beijing  Mayor  Chen  Xitong  said  there  happened  a  "counter-
revolutionary riot".

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1. Newest Talks of Lifting Martial Law in Beijing
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: lin@Neon.Stanford.EDU
Source: Associated Press, 1/9/90

By Kathy Wilhelm, Associated Press Writer

Beijing -- Chinese leaders were  preparing  today  to  end  martial  law  in
Tiananmen Square, the cradle of the crushed pro-democracy movement, and pos-
sibly lift the restrictions elsewhere in the capital, sources said.

    The end of the 7-month-old emergency would be  mainly  symbolic  because
troops  already  have  been  withdrawn from city streets.  It would not mean
greater freedom of dissent, because most  activities  banned  under  martial
law,  such as anti-government demonstrations and speeches, are illegal under
other laws.

    However, communist authorities hope it will reassure foreign governments
and  the  World  Bank  that  stability has been restored and that soft loans
should be restored. The loans were frozen in June after troops  cleared  the
city center of pro-democracy protesters, killing hundreds of unarmed civili-
ans.

    Authorities also hope that an end to martial law will  reassure  foreign
tourists, few of whom have come since martial law was imposed.

    It may be directed in particular at the United States,  where  it  would
enable  President  Bush  to  tell  critics  that  his softening of sanctions
against China had a positive effect.

    Several well-placed Chinese sources said they  read  government  notices
that  martial law would be lifted at midnight Tuesday (11 a.m.  EST Tuesday)
-- at least in the square and possibly in all affected city districts.

    Several Chinese work units told their employees to watch the evening  TV
news  for the announcement, and Chinese reporters also said they were await-
ing word Tuesday night. [However, nothing happened.] There was no  immediate
explanation for the delay.


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2. Tighter Control of College Enrollment Is Told
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: kwchan@hkucs.UUCP (Chan Ki Wa)
Source: South China Morning Post, 1/4/90

By John Kohut

Beijing -- The Minister of the State Education Commission, Mr Li Tieying, in
an  outline  of  government policy delivered at a National People's Congress
Standing Committee meeting and published in  Chinese  newspapers  yesterday,
said more stress would be placed on correct political thought in determining
who should be accepted into universities.

    His remarks about the importance of ideology in selecting students indi-
cated  at  least  a  partial  return  to the Cultural Revolution practice of
evaluating university and college  applicants  on  the  basis  of  political
thought, knowledge and physical fitness.

    In the past decade, academic ability has been the  major  criterion  for
selection.  "Ideological and moral criteria should gradually be reflected in
enrolment, assignment, promotion, and salary, and (opportunities for) study-
ing  abroad," Mr Li said.  "We should take into account not only talent, but
also morality."

    More university places should be granted to students  who  have  already
worked  for  several years, Mr Li said.  Presumably, mature students will be
more politically reliable because they have already been screened  by  their
work units.

    Mr Li defended the decision to cut enrolment in  universities  and  col-
leges  by 30,000 to 610,000 and said the annual intake of new students would
remain frozen for the next few years. "In the past few years, enrolment  ex-
ceeded plans," he said.

    "Not only did that affect teaching quality, it  was  also  an  important
cause of instability in the schools," he said.  In future, student enrolment
should strictly follow the state plan, he added.

    School textbooks for philosophy and social science classes should adhere
to  Marxist  doctrines,  and students should be sent more frequently to fac-
tories and villages to gain more "practical experience", he said.


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3. Hong Kong Governor Visits Beijing
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: IZZYQ00@OAC.UCLA.EDU
Source: United Press International, 1/8/90

Hong Kong -- The  governor  of Hong Kong, Sir David Wilson, flies to Beijing
this  week in a bid to smooth troubled relations with China, which shattered
the colony's confidence when it waged its brutal crackdown on protesters  at
Tiananmen Square.

    "What  I'd  like to do is to get across to Beijing the concerns that  we
have  in Hong Kong ... and to try and re-establish some degree of confidence
between ourselves and the people in Beijing who are involved with Hong  Kong
affairs," Wilson said of his three-day trip.

    British  Foreign  Secretary  Douglas Hurd is due to arrive in Hong  Kong
Saturday,   one  day  after  the governor returns from Beijing, for talks on
China and London's recent proposal to grant citizenship to up to 250,000  of
the   colony's  5.7  million  residents.  The move is an attempt to stem the
"brain  drain"  of  middle class Chinese who are leaving the colony  because
they are fearful of Beijing's intentions after 1997.

    Hong  Kong  officially  estimates  that  almost  50,000  people,  mainly
middle-class   professionals,  emigrated  last year and officials expect the
number  to  reach  nearly  60,000  this year. Unofficial estimates are  much
higher.

    Britain,  which  wants  to  maintain good political and commercial  ties
with  Beijing, has been widely accused in Hong Kong of too readily giving in
to China's demands that basic freedoms be curbed before 1997.

    China  shocked  the  colony  on  the  final  day  of 1989 by  denouncing
Britain's   plan  to  grant  citizenship to 50,000 Hong Kong families, about
225,000 people, to ensure key private and public sector personnel would  not
leave the territory before 1997.


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4. Developments in EE and SU: Cuba's Stormy Foreign Relations
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: tang@riscc1.scripps.edu
Source: Wall Street Journal, 1/5/90

By Jose Luis Llovio Menendez, ex-Chief Adviser to Cuba's Minister of Finance

    Last year began, for Mr Castro, under the pall of US-Soviet detente.  As
the year progressed he found himself increasingly on the defensive: first as
a result of drug and corruption trials that shook the structure of  his  in-
telligence  network  and  his  military,  later  with  the arrest of leading
human-rights activists, finally (and always) on account of the chaotic state
of  Cuba's economy.  And as the 1990s begin, Mr Castro faces the task of re-
building his economic relations with the Soviet Union  and  Eastern  Europe,
almost from the ground up.

    It is a daunting task by any measure, and one in which Mr Castro can ex-
pect  little help form the Soviets.  Indeed, the Soviets can no longer force
COMECON countries to comply with their Cuban trade  agreements  or  to  give
Cuba  better  prices  for its goods without violating its own policy of non-
intervention.  And without Soviet pressure, the Eastern  nations  will  find
scant incentives to continue unprofitable trade practices on their own.

    Then there is the matter of the Soviet Union itself.  As a result of the
continuing  decentralization  of  the  Soviet  economy,  Cuba  must now deal
directly with Soviet enterprises on a case-by-case basis rather than through
the  broad, state-to-state agreement of the past.  In the absence of govern-
ment pressure, Soviet enterprises will prefer to sell their goods  to  hard-
currency purchasers or to more profitable markets.

    Small wonder, then, that the Cuban leader  has  recently  turned  toward
China  in  the  quest  for  solution  to his economic difficulties.  In mid-
December, the Chinese minister of trade and economic relations,  Zheng  Tuo-
bin,  was  warmly  received  in  Cuba and the two countries signed new trade
agreements totaling $500 million -- an 11% increase over current trade  lev-
els.   Mr Castro also has scheduled a visit to Beijing next month, seemingly
optimistic of securing substantial amounts of additional aid.  Yet,  despite
the fact that China and Cuba find themselves confreres in a steadily shrink-
ing fraternity, there is no convincing evidence that China would be  willing
to supplant East-bloc aid, even if it could.

    As the Cuba revolution enters its fourth  decade,  its  survival  is  in
doubt  as  never  before.   Will  the  USSR  continue  to  pour its precious
resources into the island in the face of Cuba's verbal assaults and  insults
[attacking on Soviet reform]?  How will Cuba weather a negative trend int he
aid it received from the COMECON countries?  How will it find new sources of
hard currency -- especially in light of the US intervention in Panama, which
will interrupt the income from Cuba's Panamanian front companies?  Most  im-
portant, will the Cuba people -- assured of winning instant, world-wide sym-
pathy -- seize this historic opportunity to demand  an  open  plebiscite  as
have the Eastern Europe and Panamanians?


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|   Executive Editor:  Sanyee Tang, tang@riscc1.scripps.edu                |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
News       Transmission    chi@vlsi.uwaterloo.ca   (or)
-----------------------    ---------------------
NDCadada Editor: Bo Chi    chi@vlsi.waterloo.edu    
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Wed Jan 10 11:53:18 EST 1990