🚀 go-pugleaf

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This is some interesting information that was sent to me by Steve Marks,
KE4FCW. It is a summary of all the hurricane activity during Sept in the
Atlantic Basin. I'm going to be interested in reading the Oct summary
and I'll try to pass it on to both groups. Tnx Steve for the info!

73, Greg
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<:>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/ftp/pub/forecasts/discussion/MIATWSAT
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73 de Greg, WB4HRR/Charlotte Area SKYWARN {CASN} EC
and Piedmont Emergency Training Net {PETN} Net Manager

Visit the Charlotte Area SKYWARN Interactive Website!
@: WWW.CLTSKYWARN.ORG

Visit the Piedmont Emergency Training Net Website!
@: WWW.MEMBERS.TRIPOD.COM/~KDJ/PETN.HTML

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and appreciate the continued support!
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ZCZC MIATWSAT
TTAA00 KNHC 011515 COR
MONTHLY TROPICAL WEATHER SUMMARY
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MIAMI FL
8 AM EDT THU OCT 01 1998

...CORRECTION TO SUMMARY TABLE - HURRICANE EARL MAX WIND...

FOR THE NORTH ATLANTIC...CARIBBEAN SEA AND THE GULF OF MEXICO...

THE ATLANTIC TROPICAL BASIN WAS VERY ACTIVE DURING SEPTEMBER...

IN A REMARKABLE SPAN OF 35 DAYS...STARTING ON THE 19TH OF AUGUST AND
ENDING THE 23RD OF SEPTEMBER...10 NAMED TROPICAL CYCLONES FORMED AND
FOUR OF THEM MADE LANDFALL IN THE UNITED STATES.  IN ADDITION...
JEANNE AND KARL AFFECTED THE CAPE VERDE ISLANDS AND BERMUDA...
RESPECTIVELY...WHILE THREE OTHERS PASSED NEAR OR OVER THE AZORES.

IN FACT...ON THE 25TH OF THE MONTH THERE WERE FOUR HURRICANES...
GEORGES... IVAN...JEANNE...AND KARL IN PROGRESS AT THE SAME TIME.
THIS IS THE FIRST TIME SUCH AN EVENT OCCURRED THIS CENTURY.

****************************************************************

DANIELLE FORMED OVER THE CENTRAL TROPICAL ATLANTIC OCEAN ON 24
AUGUST...INTENSIFIED TO A TROPICAL STORM LATER THAT SAME DAY...AND
BECAME A HURRICANE ON THE 25TH.  IT MOVED ON A WEST-NORTHWEST TRACK
FOR THE NEXT 5 DAYS.  AFTER PASSING A COUPLE HUNDRED MILES NORTHEAST
OF THE NORTHWEST BAHAMAS...DANIELLE TURNED TO THE NORTH ON 31
AUGUST... AND BY THE 1ST OF SEPTEMBER WAS HEADED NORTHEASTWARD AND
OUT TO SEA.  IT BECAME EXTRATROPICAL LATE ON 3 SEPTEMBER A COUPLE
HUNDRED MILES SOUTHEAST OF CAPE RACE NEWFOUNDLAND.  THE
EXTRATROPICAL LOW MOVED EASTWARD ACROSS THE NORTH ATLANTIC...THEN
TURNED NORTHWARD OVER THE NORTHEAST ATLANTIC...LASHING THE WESTERN
PART OF GREAT BRITAIN ON THE 6TH.  THE SYSTEM WEAKENED AND BECAME
INDISTINCT THEREAFTER.

EARL FORMED IN THE GULF OF MEXICO ABOUT 575 SOUTH-SOUTHWEST OF NEW
ORLEANS ON 31 AUGUST.  IT GRADUALLY INTENSIFIED TO CATEGORY 2 ON
THE SAFFIR-SIMPSON HURRICANE SCALE WHILE MOVING NORTH AND
NORTHEAST...BUT MADE LANDFALL AS A CATEGORY 1 HURRICANE NEAR PANAMA
CITY FLORIDA DURING THE EARLY MORNING OF 3 SEPTEMBER.  EARL PRODUCED
A MAXIMUM ESTIMATED STORM SURGE OF 8 FEET IN FRANKLIN, WAKULLA AND
TAYLOR COUNTIES AND ABOUT 12 INCHES OF RAIN IN PANAMA CITY FLORIDA.

FRANCES FORMED IN THE GULF OF MEXICO... ABOUT 220 MILES SOUTHEAST OF
CORPUS CHRISTI TEXAS ON THE 8TH AND REACHED TROPICAL STORM STATUS
THE NEXT DAY.  FRANCES MOVED SLOWLY ON A GENERAL NORTHWESTERLY TRACK
AND MADE LANDFALL JUST TO THE NORTHEAST OF PORT ARANSAS TEXAS  AS A
65 MPH TROPICAL STORM.  FRANCES DRENCHED PORTIONS OF TEXAS AND
LOUISIANA.

GEORGES FORMED IN THE FAR EASTERN ATLANTIC FROM A TROPICAL WAVE
EARLY ON THE 15TH.  THE SYSTEM WAS UPGRADED TO A TROPICAL STORM
ON THE MORNING OF THE 16TH.   BY LATE AFTERNOON ON THE 17TH...
SATELLITE IMAGERY INDICATED THAT GEORGES DEVELOPED AN EYE AND WAS
UPGRADED TO HURRICANE STATUS.  GEORGES MOVED ON A GENERAL WEST TO
WEST-NORTHWEST COURSE AT 15 TO 20 MPH FOR THE NEXT SEVERAL DAYS.
DURING THIS PERIOD...GEORGES IS ESTIMATED TO HAVE REACHED A PEAK
INTENSITY OF 150 MPH...CATEGORY 4 ...AND A MINIMUM CENTRAL PRESSURE
OF 938 MB ON THE EVENING OF THE 19TH WHILE LOCATED ABOUT 420 MILES
EAST OF GUADELOUPE IN THE LESSER ANTILLES. GEORGES FIRST OF MANY
LANDFALLS OCCURRED AT ANTIGUA IN THE LEEWARD ISLANDS LATE ON THE
20TH.  AFTER MOVING NEAR OR OVER OTHER ISLANDS OF THE NORTHEAST
CARIBBEAN INCLUDING THE U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS...IT THEN HIT PUERTO
RICO ON THE EVENING OF THE 21ST WITH ESTIMATED MAXIMUM WINDS
OF 115 MPH...CATEGORY 3.  GEORGES WEAKENED VERY LITTLE WHILE OVER
PUERTO RICO AND WAS EVEN STRONGER WHEN IT MADE LANDFALL IN THE
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC ON THE AFTERNOON OF THE 22ND WITH ESTIMATED
MAXIMUM WINDS OF 120 MPH...ALSO CATEGORY 3.  GEORGES WEAKENED AFTER
CROSSING THE MOUNTAINOUS TERRAIN OF HISPANIOLA AND MADE LANDFALL
IN EASTERN CUBA ON THE AFTERNOON OF THE 23RD WITH ESTIMATED MAXIMUM
WINDS OF 75 MPH...CATEGORY 1.

THE HURRICANE CONTINUED ALONG THE NORTHERN COAST OF CUBA FOR MOST OF
THE 24TH.  THEREAFTER...GEORGES MOVED INTO THE FLORIDA STRAITS EARLY
ON THE 25TH AND RE-INTENSIFIED MAKING LANDFALL NEAR KEY WEST FLORIDA
ON MID-MORNING OF THE 25TH WITH ESTIMATED MAXIMUM WINDS OF 105 MPH..
CATEGORY 2.  GEORGES CONTINUED ON A GENERAL WEST-NORTHWEST TO
NORTHWEST TRACK ON THE 26TH AND 27TH...TURNING TO A NORTH-NORTHWEST
HEADING AND GRADUALLY SLOWING DOWN AS IT APPROACHED THE COAST OF THE
CENTRAL GULF OF MEXICO.  GEORGES MADE ITS FINAL LANDFALL NEAR BILOXI
MISSISSIPPI AS A CATEGORY 2 HURRICANE.  THEN...GEORGES MEANDERED AND
WEAKENED TO A TROPICAL STORM ON THE AFTERNOON OF THE 28TH.  GEORGES
WAS DOWNGRADED TO A TROPICAL DEPRESSION BY MID-MORNING ON THE 29TH
WHILE LOCATED ABOUT 35 MILES NORTH-NORTHEAST OF MOBILE ALABAMA.  THE
REMNANT WEAK CIRCULATION CENTER IS CURRENTLY NEAR THE GEORGIA COAST.

HERMINE DEVELOPED FROM AN AREA OF LOW PRESSURE LOCATED OVER THE
NORTHWESTERN CARIBBEAN.  IT MOVED INTO THE GULF OF MEXICO AND BECAME
A TROPICAL DEPRESSION ON THE 17TH.  THE DEPRESSION MEANDERED OVER
THE CENTRAL GULF FOR A COUPLE OF DAYS AND REACHED TROPICAL STORM
STATUS ON THE 19TH WHEN LOCATED ABOUT 150 MILES SOUTH-SOUTHWEST OF
NEW ORLEANS. HERMINE MOVE INLAND NEAR COCODRIE LOUISIANA WITH 40 TO
45 MPH WINDS EARLY ON THE 20TH PRODUCING TORRENTIAL RAINS.  IT THEN
GRADUALLY WEAKENED.

IVAN DEVELOPED ON THE 20TH FROM A TROPICAL WAVE LOCATED A FEW
HUNDRED MILES TO THE SOUTHWEST OF THE CAPE VERDE ISLANDS.  IT
REMAINED OVER THE EASTERN ATLANTIC...MOVING TOWARD THE NORTH TO
NORTHWEST FOR MOST OF ITS ONE-WEEK LIFETIME.  THE CYCLONES INITIAL
MOTION AND DEVELOPMENT WERE INFLUENCED BY AN UPPER-LEVEL LOW TO THE
SOUTHWEST.  ASSOCIATED SHEARING ALLOWED FOR ONLY RATHER SLOW
STRENGTHENING AFTER IVAN BECAME A TROPICAL STORM EARLY ON THE 21ST.
WHEN THE SHEARING DECREASED ON THE 23RD...AN EYE APPEARED AND IVAN
BECAME A HURRICANE.  IVAN REACHED ITS PEAK INTENSITY...WITH 90 MPH
WINDS...LATE ON THE 25TH.  THE EYE DISAPPEARED AND IVAN BECAME
EXTRATROPICAL THE FOLLOWING DAY WHILE PASSING OVER PROGRESSIVELY
COOLER WATERS ABOUT 150 MILES TO THE NORTH OF THE AZORES ISLANDS.

JEANNE BECAME A TROPICAL STORM NOT FAR OFF THE WEST COAST OF AFRICA
ON THE 21ST AND INTENSIFIED TO A HURRICANE THE FOLLOWING DAY.
JEANNE WAS ONLY THE THIRD TROPICAL STORM THIS CENTURY TO FORM SO FAR
EAST IN THE ATLANTIC.  IT MOVED WEST-NORTHWESTWARD FOR A COUPLE OF
DAYS...REACHING A PEAK INTENSITY OF 105 MPH ON THE 24TH WHILE
LOCATED ABOUT 600 MILES WEST OF THE CAPE VERDE ISLANDS.  THE
HURRICANE TURNED TOWARD THE NORTH OVER THE EAST-CENTRAL ATLANTIC
LATE ON THE 26TH...THEN TOWARD THE NORTHEAST...AND EVENTUALLY
EAST-NORTHEAST ON THE 29TH WHILE WEAKENING TO A TROPICAL STORM.
IT WEAKENED BELOW STORM STRENGTH IN THE VICINITY OF THE AZORES AND
LOST ITS TROPICAL CHARACTERISTICS LATE ON THE 30TH.

HURRICANE KARL DEVELOPED FROM A SMALL LOW PRESSURE AREA THAT WAS
TRACKED FROM THE COAST OF THE CAROLINAS.  IT BECAME A TROPICAL
DEPRESSION ON THE 23RD OF SEPTEMBER ABOUT 200 MILES EAST-NORTHEAST
OF BERMUDA.  KARL MOVED SOUTHEASTWARD AND THEN NORTHEASTWARD AND
BECAME A 105 MPH HURRICANE LATE ON THE 26TH. IT CONTINUED MOVING
TOWARD THE NORTHEAST OVER COOLER WATERS AND BECAME EXTRATROPICAL ON
THE 28TH WHILE MOVING NORTH OF THE AZORES.

SUMMARY TABLE...

     NAME           DATES          WIND     DEATHS     U.S. DAMAGE
 ------------       -----          ----     ------     ----------
    DANIELLE    24 AUG -  3 SEP     105                     0
    EARL        31 AUG -  3 SEP     100        3            *
    FRANCES      8 SEP - 13 SEP      65                     *
    GEORGES     15 SEP - 29 SEP     150       300+          *
    HERMINE     17 SEP - 20 SEP      45                     *
    IVAN        20 SEP - 27 SEP      90                     0
    JEANNE      21 SEP - 30 SEP     105                     0
    KARL        23 SEP - 28 SEP     105                     0

* - PRELIMINARY ESTIMATES HAVE NOT BEEN FINALIZED AT THIS TIME

AVILA/GUINEY/PASCH/MAYFIELD/LAWRENCE/RAPPAPORT


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